{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/120923",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/120923",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/120923",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "120923",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 87,
    "current_lane_count": 45,
    "active_market_count": 45,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 4169419.1832243903,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3405044.832215459,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4021532.403772132,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3727060.25362905,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3079583.196925822,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.8983451356785395,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.4277691233691545,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.4640192786289816,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3084447.982950489,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 7962293.430342249,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.362364414307521,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 628734.9941697072,
    "top_market_share_pct": 15.079678164752902,
    "destination_hhi": 709.969034899399,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 41.67861659574464,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 4.919555118114898,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8774583466392804,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 66.7757010436676,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 43.67816091954023,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 120923,
      "hs_description": "Seeds of forage plants: fescue seeds, of a kind used for sowing",
      "hs_chapter": 12,
      "hs_heading": 1209,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.8924327,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Seeds of forage plants: fescue seeds, of a kind used for sowing",
    "hs_chapter": 12,
    "hs_heading": 1209,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 120923,
        "corridor_rank": 28,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 628734.9941697072,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 290633.4205822197,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 726235.8720524147,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 631514.807682132,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 495622.5806274429,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.269200547338437,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.883616879388857,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.421931326356514,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 791452.2943617584,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10579179.897392228,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.96296296296296,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.1527307790180767,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.9623,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.1871,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.9431354818409945,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7276092825780873,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.05574587326486,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DNK",
        "supplier_count_latest": 22,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2115.34,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8345143793691379,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 79.6345948617247,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 120923,
        "corridor_rank": 74,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 16,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 56471.731674622926,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80889.97282457878,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 88940.17147717685,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 129053.25771333813,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 103809.29270264826,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -42.92954027424465,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.286483617305083,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.138603575536177,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 303806.4517005582,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22234724.923483647,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 40,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -30.790936698708474,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -23.4452,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.7787,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2539798979702203,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.05594099065758357,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 57.274013935665224,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DNK",
        "supplier_count_latest": 38,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3739.7,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.026390010723663,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9557789851816,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 120923,
      "num_markets": 62,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 251000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 207.04439670605083,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3910.7142857142853,
      "price_spread_pct": 6412.970554239481,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 32.16291847826087,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 17406354
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2244572.954584665,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.692744856007734
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2676709.293099906,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.25249690069455
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2277147.3973538023,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.927354897153197
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 3429182.8561566942,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 50.59116771016379
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2669371.124391246,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.15722414455956
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2332016.3706165836,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.637986179295197
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2375925.72972739,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8828924043615094
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2322290.430258288,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.2574484883101205
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2750500.4253730057,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.439123269654587
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2379797.745137707,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.47764489747448
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2611949.1754107103,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.755090773882971
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3958754.8814181443,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 51.56324321646337
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 4441352.695226413,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.190646510434814
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4218199.683874525,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.02443797340693
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3405044.832215459,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.277296301728477
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "120923",
    "hs_description": "Seeds of forage plants: fescue seeds, of a kind used for sowing",
    "hs_chapter": 12,
    "hs_heading": 1209
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 120923,
      "corridor_rank": 28,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 628734.9941697072,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 290633.4205822197,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 726235.8720524147,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 631514.807682132,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 495622.5806274429,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.269200547338437,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.883616879388857,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.421931326356514,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 791452.2943617584,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10579179.897392228,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.96296296296296,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.1527307790180767,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.9623,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.1871,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.9431354818409945,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7276092825780873,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.05574587326486,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DNK",
      "supplier_count_latest": 22,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2115.34,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8345143793691379,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 79.6345948617247,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 120923,
      "corridor_rank": 74,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 16,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 56471.731674622926,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80889.97282457878,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 88940.17147717685,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 129053.25771333813,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 103809.29270264826,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -42.92954027424465,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.286483617305083,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.138603575536177,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 303806.4517005582,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22234724.923483647,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 40,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -30.790936698708474,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -23.4452,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.7787,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2539798979702203,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.05594099065758357,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 57.274013935665224,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DNK",
      "supplier_count_latest": 38,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3739.7,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.026390010723663,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9557789851816,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 120923,
    "num_markets": 62,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 251000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 207.04439670605083,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3910.7142857142853,
    "price_spread_pct": 6412.970554239481,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 32.16291847826087,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 17406354
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2244572.954584665,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.692744856007734
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2676709.293099906,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.25249690069455
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 2277147.3973538023,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.927354897153197
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 3429182.8561566942,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.59116771016379
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2669371.124391246,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.15722414455956
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2332016.3706165836,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.637986179295197
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2375925.72972739,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8828924043615094
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2322290.430258288,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.2574484883101205
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2750500.4253730057,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.439123269654587
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2379797.745137707,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.47764489747448
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2611949.1754107103,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.755090773882971
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3958754.8814181443,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 51.56324321646337
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 4441352.695226413,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.190646510434814
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4218199.683874525,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.02443797340693
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3405044.832215459,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.277296301728477
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}