{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/110819",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/110819",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/110819",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "110819",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 101,
    "current_lane_count": 42,
    "active_market_count": 42,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2514932.145370576,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1804827.2686227206,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2537716.093059428,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1987327.9613924087,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1255514.6041418072,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.51854958237002,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.900368021959617,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 18.570333856760037,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1362662.9156925748,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 5652271.191281154,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.051784274390016,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "SRB",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 582402.0348401939,
    "top_market_share_pct": 23.157763358039894,
    "destination_hhi": 1526.023518918711,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 15.675284541725963,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.138208295730598,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.334838754249906,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 69.12466288352867,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 61.386138613861384,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 90,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 110819,
      "hs_description": "Starch: n.e.s. in item no. 1108.11 to 1108.14",
      "hs_chapter": 11,
      "hs_heading": 1108,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.7799263,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Starch: n.e.s. in item no. 1108.11 to 1108.14",
    "hs_chapter": 11,
    "hs_heading": 1108,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 110819,
        "corridor_rank": 40,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 22,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 533864.9113588365,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80692.88161577428,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 368229.823395861,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 250494.68776062137,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 164574.9603957214,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 69.75419672571465,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 47.692830327627874,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 80.6821747320493,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 533864.9113588365,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14966578.589666959,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.904761904761905,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.927978006334655,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.8183,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 163.2857,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.567047125436009,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5087976333827267,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 42.10672408957684,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 28,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2368.18,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.841166348964821,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.85588291185087,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 110819,
        "corridor_rank": 55,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 309099.5513677878,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 124501.9742249987,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 401668.687709761,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 305447.1831545857,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 178236.866077654,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.469091389991771,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.740888601152076,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 63.3319496019005,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 452233.16780786886,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12021773.028244337,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -49.86285821190873,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.6628,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 40.4613,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.5711644250941976,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.8366159750725677,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 48.370200660784256,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2587.7,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2644732404836347,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98364006810937,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 110819,
      "num_markets": 60,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "COL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 162071.42857142858,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 13.530135301353015,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4107.142857142857,
      "price_spread_pct": 3945.7575271404894,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 55.41557142857141,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 9173158
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 453163.69766638917,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.312797374865625
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 325902.07945101225,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -28.082924309851627
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 509826.70446386683,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 56.435548163018424
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1289797.1649729835,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 152.9873687823655
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 328605.7941950994,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -74.52267665652819
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 325199.648594699,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.0365445955521124
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 349991.70601144875,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.623642129960745
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 234778.41995602887,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.91886181201422
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 632639.4334551862,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 169.46234392993694
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1075897.0264386674,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 70.06480619815488
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1056530.4645154616,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8000386140401572
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1266961.0632682964,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.917134982883905
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2314497.6019112836,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.68103645906258
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 3493823.408644282,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 50.95385736235482
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1804827.2686227208,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.34234425937821
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "110819",
    "hs_description": "Starch: n.e.s. in item no. 1108.11 to 1108.14",
    "hs_chapter": 11,
    "hs_heading": 1108
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 110819,
      "corridor_rank": 40,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 22,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 533864.9113588365,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80692.88161577428,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 368229.823395861,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 250494.68776062137,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 164574.9603957214,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 69.75419672571465,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 47.692830327627874,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 80.6821747320493,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 533864.9113588365,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14966578.589666959,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.904761904761905,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.927978006334655,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.8183,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 163.2857,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.567047125436009,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5087976333827267,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 42.10672408957684,
      "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 28,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2368.18,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.841166348964821,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.85588291185087,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 110819,
      "corridor_rank": 55,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 309099.5513677878,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 124501.9742249987,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 401668.687709761,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 305447.1831545857,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 178236.866077654,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.469091389991771,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.740888601152076,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 63.3319496019005,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 452233.16780786886,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12021773.028244337,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -49.86285821190873,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.6628,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 40.4613,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.5711644250941976,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.8366159750725677,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 48.370200660784256,
      "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 49,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2587.7,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2644732404836347,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98364006810937,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 110819,
    "num_markets": 60,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "COL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 162071.42857142858,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 13.530135301353015,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4107.142857142857,
    "price_spread_pct": 3945.7575271404894,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 55.41557142857141,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 9173158
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 453163.69766638917,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.312797374865625
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 325902.07945101225,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.082924309851627
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 509826.70446386683,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 56.435548163018424
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1289797.1649729835,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 152.9873687823655
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 328605.7941950994,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -74.52267665652819
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 325199.648594699,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.0365445955521124
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 349991.70601144875,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.623642129960745
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 234778.41995602887,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.91886181201422
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 632639.4334551862,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 169.46234392993694
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1075897.0264386674,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 70.06480619815488
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1056530.4645154616,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8000386140401572
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1266961.0632682964,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.917134982883905
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2314497.6019112836,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.68103645906258
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 3493823.408644282,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.95385736235482
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1804827.2686227208,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.34234425937821
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}