# Spain HS 091012 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 091012 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Spain |
| HS6 | 091012 |
| Latest exports | $3.4M |
| Active destinations | 73 |
| Three-year growth | -0.4% |
| Destination HHI | 1,026 |
| Weighted share | 13.6% |

## Destination markets

- United Kingdom: $413.6K; share 3%; growth +11.4%
- USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $272.3K; share 1.2%; growth +39.3%
- Japan: $166.6K; share 0.9%; growth -3.6%
- Germany: $83.0K; share 0.8%; growth +14%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Japan at $1.5M / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Nicaragua at $21.3 / ton.
- Median reported price: $5.6K / ton.
- Price spread: 26,864.5%.

## Export history

- 2010: $210.2K
- 2011: $247.0K
- 2012: $393.2K
- 2013: $415.6K
- 2014: $666.9K
- 2015: $990.0K
- 2016: $1.4M
- 2017: $1.5M
- 2018: $1.5M
- 2019: $1.9M
- 2020: $2.7M
- 2021: $3.2M
- 2022: $2.9M
- 2023: $2.2M
- 2024: $3.1M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/091012",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/091012",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/091012",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "091012",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 125,
    "current_lane_count": 73,
    "active_market_count": 73,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3365656.353492028,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3111282.2141146474,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2759819.845243929,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2823797.290007251,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2147874.7865214194,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.43621345517085297,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.600409845613834,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 16.65088074143002,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1228111.6270841043,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 5634312.024868793,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.087094196600873,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 802748.5571561692,
    "top_market_share_pct": 23.85117412011715,
    "destination_hhi": 1026.4504578890276,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 13.643198456230571,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.8262981923174297,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4018076119019725,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 92.38932415108329,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 40.8,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
      "hs_chapter": 9,
      "hs_heading": 910,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 910,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 27,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 413572.7350124685,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 146121.6292647606,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 341572.8331415479,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 338646.64326266,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 229386.97602981553,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.36758317522184,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 29.128742108816862,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 48.9179257043187,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1061379.638788621,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13629065.479553284,
        "historical_peak_year": 2000,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.55555555555556,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -37.55034252909686,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 42.6418,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8557,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 79.3103,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.0344907773238177,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.10750302348885965,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 34.333978343310676,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1876.85,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4417167888376836,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.27354057022885,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 34,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 272296.64779363293,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 64340.04339285195,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 225310.35454298355,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 170689.37438480853,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 123045.22586205028,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.27928036876802,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 41.73142168897521,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 21.551299285262427,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 310110.796835982,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 23495447.82232939,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.727981083505593,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 25.2288,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.2284,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1589336362205884,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6604602593377769,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.543007923148824,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1804.66,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2897013428363324,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.08504939829857,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 39,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "JPN",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 9,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 166599.1123389317,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 152876.87084190064,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 192104.8099572172,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 194339.5839330845,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 194375.60354452915,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -3.550918766098876,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.805199709328306,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 43.278347180911815,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 295103.9318516699,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18979968.47197671,
        "historical_peak_year": 2016,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -46.82926594701069,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 3.9004,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.8791,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.926519579973876,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.06303704682909472,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 92.68120003611882,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 20,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8600.99,
        "distance_km": 10777.423828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.039966357792484856,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.030413669105984857,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6164251113099692,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 57.267115317014614,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 57,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 82968.58184039155,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30393.373498904715,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 91123.37070832639,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 79174.70209315585,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 76157.33006263731,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.991223195955204,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.29285035032615,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.507147220748262,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 137847.50617011308,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10488283.609971974,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.57142857142857,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.5159240247930583,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -13.5983,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.0648,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7910596712078537,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.35812368966195446,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 26.54115274892356,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 67,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1532.31,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2330903360008934,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.86535226196334,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "num_markets": 99,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1516341.5384615385,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NIC",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 21.27659574468085,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5644.332069110829,
      "price_spread_pct": 26864.476492515525,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 9.029980519480516,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12876600
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 210160.34043269532,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.07864904194365
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 247009.15842431295,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.533668776777898
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 393214.43888090004,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 59.190226544327274
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 415555.6468414443,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.681685551560114
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 666897.6462789102,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 60.483355562092925
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 989953.6214255596,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 48.441612734608576
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1401625.7502229,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.584991446823686
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1538258.113697003,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.748134511111441
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1549933.12652613,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7589761903525681
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1879990.803306351,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.294962416861196
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2687171.3928372115,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.93534777464163
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3152355.521467254,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.311293573235183
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2919719.445387056,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.379753790331307
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2248457.876230083,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.99061884927052
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3111282.2141146483,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.37404947657882
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "091012",
    "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 910
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "corridor_rank": 27,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 413572.7350124685,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 146121.6292647606,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 341572.8331415479,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 338646.64326266,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 229386.97602981553,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.36758317522184,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 29.128742108816862,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 48.9179257043187,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1061379.638788621,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13629065.479553284,
      "historical_peak_year": 2000,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.55555555555556,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -37.55034252909686,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 42.6418,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8557,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 79.3103,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.0344907773238177,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.10750302348885965,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 34.333978343310676,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 49,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1876.85,
      "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.4417167888376836,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.27354057022885,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "corridor_rank": 34,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 272296.64779363293,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 64340.04339285195,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 225310.35454298355,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 170689.37438480853,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 123045.22586205028,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.27928036876802,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 41.73142168897521,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 21.551299285262427,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 310110.796835982,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 23495447.82232939,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.727981083505593,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 25.2288,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.2284,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1589336362205884,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6604602593377769,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.543007923148824,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
      "supplier_count_latest": 57,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1804.66,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2897013428363324,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.08504939829857,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "corridor_rank": 39,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "latest_data_year": 2021,
      "lane_data_years": 9,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 166599.1123389317,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 152876.87084190064,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 192104.8099572172,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 194339.5839330845,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 194375.60354452915,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -3.550918766098876,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.805199709328306,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 43.278347180911815,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 295103.9318516699,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18979968.47197671,
      "historical_peak_year": 2016,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -46.82926594701069,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 3.9004,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.8791,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.926519579973876,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.06303704682909472,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 92.68120003611882,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 20,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8600.99,
      "distance_km": 10777.423828125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.039966357792484856,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.030413669105984857,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6164251113099692,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 57.267115317014614,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "corridor_rank": 57,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 82968.58184039155,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30393.373498904715,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 91123.37070832639,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 79174.70209315585,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 76157.33006263731,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.991223195955204,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.29285035032615,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.507147220748262,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 137847.50617011308,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10488283.609971974,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.57142857142857,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.5159240247930583,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -13.5983,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.0648,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7910596712078537,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.35812368966195446,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 26.54115274892356,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 67,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1532.31,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2330903360008934,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.86535226196334,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 91012,
    "num_markets": 99,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1516341.5384615385,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NIC",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 21.27659574468085,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5644.332069110829,
    "price_spread_pct": 26864.476492515525,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 9.029980519480516,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 12876600
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 210160.34043269532,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.07864904194365
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 247009.15842431295,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.533668776777898
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 393214.43888090004,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 59.190226544327274
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 415555.6468414443,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.681685551560114
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 666897.6462789102,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 60.483355562092925
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 989953.6214255596,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.441612734608576
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1401625.7502229,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.584991446823686
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1538258.113697003,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.748134511111441
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1549933.12652613,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7589761903525681
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1879990.803306351,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.294962416861196
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2687171.3928372115,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.93534777464163
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3152355.521467254,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.311293573235183
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2919719.445387056,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.379753790331307
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2248457.876230083,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.99061884927052
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3111282.2141146483,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.37404947657882
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}
```