{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/071490",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/071490",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/071490",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "071490",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 102,
    "current_lane_count": 53,
    "active_market_count": 53,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 4917056.07391391,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4834830.756244827,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4285644.308963183,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4422791.234718538,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4053432.9166221665,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.22138492961816247,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.616210274479517,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.381993311282928,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2464477.6248387713,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 8372247.213458185,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.160608381664765,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 962112.89286103,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.566848097691125,
    "destination_hhi": 1090.205010290175,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 31.015103337493574,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.644720962966795,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9755549394988532,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 77.20651597135623,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 44.11764705882353,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 71490,
      "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: arrowroot, salep, Jerusalem artichokes and similar roots and tubers (not manioc, sweet potatoes, yams, taro or yautia), high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, sliced or not, or in pellet form: sago pith",
      "hs_chapter": 7,
      "hs_heading": 714,
      "substitution_elasticity": -9.8275824,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: arrowroot, salep, Jerusalem artichokes and similar roots and tubers (not manioc, sweet potatoes, yams, taro or yautia), high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, sliced or not, or in pellet form: sago pith",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 714,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 71490,
        "corridor_rank": 18,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 636276.5788801326,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 324822.83126323734,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 544390.17778634,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 583762.1536126543,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 584382.139204499,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.188195286588259,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.7994058391921826,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.512915119573857,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 723417.2750840342,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30493327.507821277,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 69.23076923076923,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.701110406162115,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.1535,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.9598,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.0866092056268144,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.8997833620261231,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 28.96594800640722,
        "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
        "supplier_count_latest": 46,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1902.35,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6925657589616957,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 61.33868306260195,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 71490,
      "num_markets": 78,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 68666.66666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BFA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 21.25,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2832.0754716981132,
      "price_spread_pct": 2423.8554852320676,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 31.98697683397683,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 19152664
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1176963.613702878,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8224762931778955
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1359412.0747093009,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.501622894901299
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1929680.3617264514,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.94962643237502
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2816996.301339687,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 45.982534579943035
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3148657.454865984,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.77357433407237
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 4555165.001495767,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.67007182556949
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 3657263.550250477,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.711721769693277
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 3277750.915990073,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.37695613252735
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3420533.331906322,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.356109404766057
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 3509660.1929863384,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.6056422327083286
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 4454161.596551947,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 26.91147722657278
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 4802861.650151197,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.828634997643216
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 3871225.9948947844,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.397511798556263
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4150876.1757499357,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.223814399467832
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 4834830.756244825,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.477354455684768
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "071490",
    "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: arrowroot, salep, Jerusalem artichokes and similar roots and tubers (not manioc, sweet potatoes, yams, taro or yautia), high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, sliced or not, or in pellet form: sago pith",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 714
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 71490,
      "corridor_rank": 18,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 27,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 636276.5788801326,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 324822.83126323734,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 544390.17778634,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 583762.1536126543,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 584382.139204499,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.188195286588259,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.7994058391921826,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.512915119573857,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 723417.2750840342,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30493327.507821277,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 69.23076923076923,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.701110406162115,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.1535,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.9598,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.0866092056268144,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.8997833620261231,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 28.96594800640722,
      "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
      "supplier_count_latest": 46,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1902.35,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6925657589616957,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 61.33868306260195,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 71490,
    "num_markets": 78,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 68666.66666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BFA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 21.25,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2832.0754716981132,
    "price_spread_pct": 2423.8554852320676,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 31.98697683397683,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 19152664
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1176963.613702878,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8224762931778955
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1359412.0747093009,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.501622894901299
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1929680.3617264514,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.94962643237502
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2816996.301339687,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.982534579943035
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3148657.454865984,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.77357433407237
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 4555165.001495767,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.67007182556949
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 3657263.550250477,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.711721769693277
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 3277750.915990073,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.37695613252735
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3420533.331906322,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.356109404766057
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 3509660.1929863384,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.6056422327083286
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 4454161.596551947,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.91147722657278
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 4802861.650151197,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.828634997643216
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 3871225.9948947844,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.397511798556263
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4150876.1757499357,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.223814399467832
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 4834830.756244825,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.477354455684768
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}