{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/071440",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/071440",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/071440",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "071440",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 52,
    "current_lane_count": 11,
    "active_market_count": 11,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 257873.05669680424,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 231034.2068701143,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 279813.10804664553,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 244029.23949487376,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 159260.81559453663,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.22446266034403806,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.611787218968736,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.868309170691447,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 89758.46042314619,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 447633.14013701124,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -20.092771831035485,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 203524.680126048,
    "top_market_share_pct": 78.92436795571992,
    "destination_hhi": 6267.536348355862,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 20.07952643716044,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -3.802419058144592,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.350947817714977,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 95.09066348116114,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 55.76923076923077,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 75.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 71440,
      "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: taro (Colocasia spp.) with high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not sliced or in the form of pellets",
      "hs_chapter": 7,
      "hs_heading": 714,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: taro (Colocasia spp.) with high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not sliced or in the form of pellets",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 714,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 71440,
      "num_markets": 30,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 34642.857142857145,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SWE",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1011.6689280868385,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3185.99537037037,
      "price_spread_pct": 1055.594384333983,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.629460526315792,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1390306
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 25277.948776607303,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.239832143756555
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 47615.91946562795,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 88.3693961342806
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1147.1875188735507,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.5907479436543
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1591.4050396533378,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.72231117158372
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 37725.281826856546,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2270.564431232064
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 39876.96775922356,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.703564899110266
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 54141.0252427082,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.77016579999456
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 69071.5784714449,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.577152744715644
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 56513.22104784564,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.181656915211583
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 152859.16594977523,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 170.48390290895023
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 148109.89948156493,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.1069556337699455
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 232596.97385286726,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 57.04350260653464
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 290037.914283957,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.695480547147987
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 318367.2029858653,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.767443257150504
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 231034.2068701143,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.431530414151467
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "071440",
    "hs_description": "Vegetable roots and tubers: taro (Colocasia spp.) with high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not sliced or in the form of pellets",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 714
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 71440,
    "num_markets": 30,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 34642.857142857145,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SWE",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1011.6689280868385,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3185.99537037037,
    "price_spread_pct": 1055.594384333983,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.629460526315792,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1390306
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 25277.948776607303,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.239832143756555
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 47615.91946562795,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 88.3693961342806
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1147.1875188735507,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.5907479436543
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1591.4050396533378,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.72231117158372
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 37725.281826856546,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2270.564431232064
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 39876.96775922356,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.703564899110266
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 54141.0252427082,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.77016579999456
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 69071.5784714449,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.577152744715644
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 56513.22104784564,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.181656915211583
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 152859.16594977523,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 170.48390290895023
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 148109.89948156493,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.1069556337699455
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 232596.97385286726,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.04350260653464
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 290037.914283957,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.695480547147987
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 318367.2029858653,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.767443257150504
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 231034.2068701143,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.431530414151467
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}