{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/040590",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/040590",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/040590",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "040590",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 103,
    "current_lane_count": 46,
    "active_market_count": 46,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 68040600.6062485,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 66000145.02713344,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 74225395.2612678,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 68879572.80757394,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 56508621.63626762,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.22982877848547467,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.474568253076085,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.3749981699805955,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 46799845.42139854,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 156526507.397338,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.145169391495121,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 51063278.93875703,
    "top_market_share_pct": 75.04824837490874,
    "destination_hhi": 5799.38760266593,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 16.313517440735357,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.836578547377993,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.772388315584877,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 97.15719075488141,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 48.54368932038835,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 40590,
      "hs_description": "Dairy produce: fats and oils derived from milk (other than butter or dairy spreads)",
      "hs_chapter": 4,
      "hs_heading": 405,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.6372902,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Dairy produce: fats and oils derived from milk (other than butter or dairy spreads)",
    "hs_chapter": 4,
    "hs_heading": 405,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 40590,
        "corridor_rank": 12,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 51063278.93875703,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 20774031.74768121,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 48364193.34675845,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 42478860.52714864,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 32390751.97226143,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.116236189904471,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.669485299181083,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.9871969852505,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 59484931.33666744,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 266622650.48450443,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.869565217391305,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.1290392046539717,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 25.2043,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.5982,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 19.15189082621648,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.9300733435399238,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.343702893332306,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1932.05,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7351811998221754,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9950048491294,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 40590,
        "corridor_rank": 66,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8197004.172849462,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8320247.68912779,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 14892964.144150073,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16312855.53986026,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14333550.167907283,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -23.94102980804763,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.222112683953528,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.294784208946448,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27349896.737602025,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 219498604.91432068,
        "historical_peak_year": 1995,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -31.235814016994077,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.0425,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.996,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.734421991451422,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.5479323398646714,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.840954290582726,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 35,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2133.77,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8468239345619324,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.38242923522789,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 40590,
      "num_markets": 71,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 467666.6666666666,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 85.36585365853658,
      "median_price_across_markets": 8635.29411764706,
      "price_spread_pct": 5414.769832303227,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 250.66902000000002,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 324126283
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 45675354.056222774,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 350.94025530048816
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 47780514.0795163,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.608962681936167
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 26947639.786234703,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -43.60119327852258
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 20455899.411067773,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.090200205522333
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 32397626.588510424,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.377913077640166
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 24400588.087542616,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.684025785407066
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 33717946.3195422,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.18497406116384
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 51050048.77733532,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 51.40319725744331
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 63289970.219179,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.976316840029796
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 48229798.9212073,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.795510166645574
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 56174511.4662737,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.47262216051455
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 65547166.78779255,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.684889778073178
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 99997779.15967268,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 52.55850719438904
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 56678261.59699724,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -43.3204796413573
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 66000145.02713345,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.447017194031364
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "040590",
    "hs_description": "Dairy produce: fats and oils derived from milk (other than butter or dairy spreads)",
    "hs_chapter": 4,
    "hs_heading": 405
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 40590,
      "corridor_rank": 12,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 51063278.93875703,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 20774031.74768121,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 48364193.34675845,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 42478860.52714864,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 32390751.97226143,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.116236189904471,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.669485299181083,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.9871969852505,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 59484931.33666744,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 266622650.48450443,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.869565217391305,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.1290392046539717,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 25.2043,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.5982,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 19.15189082621648,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.9300733435399238,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.343702893332306,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1932.05,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7351811998221754,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9950048491294,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 40590,
      "corridor_rank": 66,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8197004.172849462,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8320247.68912779,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 14892964.144150073,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16312855.53986026,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14333550.167907283,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -23.94102980804763,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.222112683953528,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.294784208946448,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27349896.737602025,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 219498604.91432068,
      "historical_peak_year": 1995,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -31.235814016994077,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.0425,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.996,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.734421991451422,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.5479323398646714,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.840954290582726,
      "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 35,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2133.77,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8468239345619324,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.38242923522789,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 40590,
    "num_markets": 71,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 467666.6666666666,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 85.36585365853658,
    "median_price_across_markets": 8635.29411764706,
    "price_spread_pct": 5414.769832303227,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 250.66902000000002,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 324126283
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 45675354.056222774,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 350.94025530048816
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 47780514.0795163,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.608962681936167
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 26947639.786234703,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.60119327852258
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 20455899.411067773,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.090200205522333
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 32397626.588510424,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.377913077640166
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 24400588.087542616,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.684025785407066
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 33717946.3195422,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.18497406116384
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 51050048.77733532,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 51.40319725744331
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 63289970.219179,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.976316840029796
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 48229798.9212073,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.795510166645574
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 56174511.4662737,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.47262216051455
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 65547166.78779255,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.684889778073178
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 99997779.15967268,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 52.55850719438904
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 56678261.59699724,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.3204796413573
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 66000145.02713345,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.447017194031364
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}