{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/960850",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/960850",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/960850",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "960850",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 178,
    "current_lane_count": 103,
    "active_market_count": 103,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 13165663.714851689,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 13140161.7898391,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13797008.421471564,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15016791.057298517,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 17992795.505366858,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -8.760030522910034,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.653601594823444,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.530526828997261,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 25612379.44178977,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 72110201.12640728,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 37.93103448275862,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.229503693912773,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "ESP",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5877263.552180143,
    "top_market_share_pct": 44.64084515200114,
    "destination_hhi": 2224.707346441091,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 39.721087648526826,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -2.298541347813658,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6214962855554784,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 86.24357743266673,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 17.415730337078653,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 960850,
      "hs_description": "Pen and pencil sets: of articles from two or more of the foregoing sub-headings",
      "hs_chapter": 96,
      "hs_heading": 9608,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.2438226,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Pen and pencil sets: of articles from two or more of the foregoing sub-headings",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9608,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 960850,
        "corridor_rank": 10,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 359274.03723093844,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1506660.8535068415,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 330794.9610453175,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 426297.3394818766,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1398982.0723690633,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.331433714678669,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -26.080387642702963,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.985597876892873,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5666302.060996354,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11043929.025409514,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.6541641622142045,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.4687,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.1353,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.2531360569624495,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.068684289160021,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 89.95644916821846,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 38,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8107.95,
        "distance_km": 495.36328125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8353739655275498,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 94.48278599031147,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 960850,
        "corridor_rank": 16,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 147190.10959143526,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 550614.0237829535,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147190.10959143526,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 131249.69032086508,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 356888.43149504333,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.477116894440595,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.272465859134837,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -13.140448135999016,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1114591.6884909805,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14797331.640167981,
        "historical_peak_year": 1999,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.61756503043961,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 15.2274,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.1168,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9947071078131512,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.15285041191037685,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 65.64925823855742,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 38,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4746.4,
        "distance_km": 6035.33447265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04660416541625514,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.4571309264545404,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 89.6545728591957,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 960850,
      "num_markets": 132,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "QAT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4672000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "DNK",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 129.1093716302621,
      "median_price_across_markets": 30841.608202914194,
      "price_spread_pct": 15147.948381585786,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.538730401529634,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 55207350
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 32171243.566070884,
        "active_destinations": 127,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.546809857753063
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 30117171.94858264,
        "active_destinations": 116,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.384806397893026
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 24374794.10743825,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.06678970704165
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 16911141.4802372,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.620371988797356
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 20890818.335694473,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.532869499720206
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 23834623.913593996,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.091384696355707
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 21837569.769551035,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.378794443255085
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 18303171.61574372,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.184942697861295
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 22328499.914281227,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.992517925554868
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 18540134.554006055,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.966501891388354
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 16392961.273308225,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.581217355479655
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 17299968.748769663,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.532908059377104
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 14369538.971421065,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.938931046086452
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 13881324.503154512,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.397565288890202
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 13140161.7898391,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.339279498487224
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "960850",
    "hs_description": "Pen and pencil sets: of articles from two or more of the foregoing sub-headings",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9608
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 960850,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 359274.03723093844,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1506660.8535068415,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 330794.9610453175,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 426297.3394818766,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1398982.0723690633,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.331433714678669,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -26.080387642702963,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.985597876892873,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5666302.060996354,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11043929.025409514,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.6541641622142045,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.4687,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.1353,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.2531360569624495,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.068684289160021,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 89.95644916821846,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 38,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8107.95,
      "distance_km": 495.36328125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8353739655275498,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 94.48278599031147,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 960850,
      "corridor_rank": 16,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 27,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 147190.10959143526,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 550614.0237829535,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147190.10959143526,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 131249.69032086508,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 356888.43149504333,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.477116894440595,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.272465859134837,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -13.140448135999016,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1114591.6884909805,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14797331.640167981,
      "historical_peak_year": 1999,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.61756503043961,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 15.2274,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.1168,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9947071078131512,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.15285041191037685,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 65.64925823855742,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 38,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4746.4,
      "distance_km": 6035.33447265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04660416541625514,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.4571309264545404,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 89.6545728591957,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 960850,
    "num_markets": 132,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "QAT",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4672000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "DNK",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 129.1093716302621,
    "median_price_across_markets": 30841.608202914194,
    "price_spread_pct": 15147.948381585786,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.538730401529634,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 55207350
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 32171243.566070884,
      "active_destinations": 127,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.546809857753063
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 30117171.94858264,
      "active_destinations": 116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.384806397893026
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 24374794.10743825,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.06678970704165
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 16911141.4802372,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.620371988797356
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 20890818.335694473,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.532869499720206
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 23834623.913593996,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.091384696355707
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 21837569.769551035,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.378794443255085
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 18303171.61574372,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.184942697861295
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 22328499.914281227,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.992517925554868
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 18540134.554006055,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.966501891388354
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 16392961.273308225,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.581217355479655
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 17299968.748769663,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.532908059377104
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 14369538.971421065,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.938931046086452
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 13881324.503154512,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.397565288890202
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 13140161.7898391,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.339279498487224
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}