{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/730661",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/730661",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/730661",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "730661",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 181,
    "current_lane_count": 120,
    "active_market_count": 120,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 209601330.1088174,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 208536359.5866197,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 250555655.6764017,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 240535984.1296402,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 219721236.527591,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.388806275982242,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.7975643662909704,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.9396398145258056,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 189088216.86100066,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 431252301.2818955,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.449166461456436,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "NLD",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 37689522.67320304,
    "top_market_share_pct": 17.98152838707465,
    "destination_hhi": 770.7613843012856,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 10.960013480136618,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.43485919216829266,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.5260217380764127,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 60.51150506294526,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 19.88950276243094,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 730661,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7306,
      "substitution_elasticity": -14.345497,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7306,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 730661,
        "corridor_rank": 35,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 37689522.67320304,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30172896.93646527,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 44445463.10057292,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45486921.84724301,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 38771661.636762775,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.951999884859168,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.46205242206205366,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.4339479919404088,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 61267240.51388815,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 225176683.6150675,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.385947876799577,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.9718,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.381,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 16.737755467449773,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.08109265667441079,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.37400754132637,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 44,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2628.83,
        "distance_km": 173.52386474609375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.39180011927384045,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 49.6117319829111,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 730661,
        "corridor_rank": 74,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 21455739.46239195,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 14201628.320240848,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 26562157.508490365,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21676270.396888457,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 17779943.59343463,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.469170837100968,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.691410402006005,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.3217123811505962,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30734044.698860798,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 260610713.68141046,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.147458455950372,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.6437,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.9096,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.23286930890378,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.3615472134994988,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 33.55759593785552,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 39,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1518.83,
        "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08091394394890945,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04595302958827163,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5259491700754696,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 60.276308237789365,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 730661,
      "num_markets": 154,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 147021.25,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 218.18181818181816,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2534.7055128003767,
      "price_spread_pct": 5791.720870154584,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1171.9517600671143,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1100449683
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 220141305.3181459,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.5221549936744
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 262885119.82745767,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.416535414623283
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 223756072.34880072,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.884466456047019
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 225561318.73135346,
        "active_destinations": 119,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.8067921301991064
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 229183190.10584044,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6057147541333008
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 185372651.8787561,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.115947468421194
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 183858109.55323607,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8170257641405662
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 206171488.32690653,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.13619504077933
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 218714560.71249762,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.083805519074845
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 200415634.15631235,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.366579022710512
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 170704476.3860847,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.82477048025839
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 280308477.23291105,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 64.20686977120239
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 293705326.8333646,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.779323741009081
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 249425280.60922086,
        "active_destinations": 119,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.076351083433458
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 208536359.58661976,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.393254493983118
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "730661",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7306
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 730661,
      "corridor_rank": 35,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 37689522.67320304,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30172896.93646527,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 44445463.10057292,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45486921.84724301,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 38771661.636762775,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.951999884859168,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.46205242206205366,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.4339479919404088,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 61267240.51388815,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 225176683.6150675,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.385947876799577,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.9718,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.381,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 16.737755467449773,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.08109265667441079,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 47.37400754132637,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 44,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2628.83,
      "distance_km": 173.52386474609375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.39180011927384045,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 49.6117319829111,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 730661,
      "corridor_rank": 74,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "POL",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 21455739.46239195,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 14201628.320240848,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 26562157.508490365,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21676270.396888457,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 17779943.59343463,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.469170837100968,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.691410402006005,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.3217123811505962,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30734044.698860798,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 260610713.68141046,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.147458455950372,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.6437,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.9096,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 8.23286930890378,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.3615472134994988,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 33.55759593785552,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 39,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1518.83,
      "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08091394394890945,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04595302958827163,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5259491700754696,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 60.276308237789365,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 730661,
    "num_markets": 154,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 147021.25,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 218.18181818181816,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2534.7055128003767,
    "price_spread_pct": 5791.720870154584,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1171.9517600671143,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1100449683
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 220141305.3181459,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.5221549936744
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 262885119.82745767,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.416535414623283
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 223756072.34880072,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.884466456047019
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 225561318.73135346,
      "active_destinations": 119,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.8067921301991064
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 229183190.10584044,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6057147541333008
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 185372651.8787561,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.115947468421194
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 183858109.55323607,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8170257641405662
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 206171488.32690653,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.13619504077933
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 218714560.71249762,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.083805519074845
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 200415634.15631235,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.366579022710512
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 170704476.3860847,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.82477048025839
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 280308477.23291105,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 64.20686977120239
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 293705326.8333646,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.779323741009081
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 249425280.60922086,
      "active_destinations": 119,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.076351083433458
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 208536359.58661976,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.393254493983118
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}