{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/621320",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/621320",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/621320",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "621320",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 137,
    "current_lane_count": 73,
    "active_market_count": 73,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1830141.8957414925,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1807180.693993725,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1671793.2898496755,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1857169.4644503198,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3605117.395604582,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.850739010388692,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.291580387151663,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -13.610798506991252,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 5089066.968120204,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 11897437.772414153,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.76005949660256,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "NLD",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 314062.32386425073,
    "top_market_share_pct": 17.160545015391094,
    "destination_hhi": 809.3391904295174,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 19.272923049278738,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.8040351916065576,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6722656686820512,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 84.95620570644687,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 29.927007299270073,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 621320,
      "hs_description": "Handkerchiefs: of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)",
      "hs_chapter": 62,
      "hs_heading": 6213,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.6724524,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Handkerchiefs: of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)",
    "hs_chapter": 62,
    "hs_heading": 6213,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 621320,
        "corridor_rank": 16,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "JPN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 98255.49290992777,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3251157.9981534504,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 102398.94315236282,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 286932.5933958766,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2066042.2872026786,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.300402966020638,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -37.93056658652244,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -33.98104162091331,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6246980.631760229,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12879384.385437226,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.680638654892672,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.2697,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.9161,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7628896690204048,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.035888726081417244,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 67.2134788311158,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 33,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4693.9,
        "distance_km": 9298.3408203125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.039911157261893,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.030370869448953192,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5938600333705649,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.4970901598173,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 621320,
      "num_markets": 91,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1989000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "JAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 83.33333333333333,
      "median_price_across_markets": 28441.270475429483,
      "price_spread_pct": 6993.0654763995135,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.9721522988505744,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12175770
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 6466398.837840205,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.501648729742669
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 7525291.326074075,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.37530431988545
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 6390757.206491874,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.07628170687825
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 7060466.225326058,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.479337536933487
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 7805612.376288532,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.553781112777186
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 6434497.01100369,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.56576293040047
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 5553967.935683522,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.684505157347452
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 5860450.127176648,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.518256407711996
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 6415441.3975404035,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.470113358530195
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2500970.162389948,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -61.01639766596906
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2299483.5628049676,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.05633760110269
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1970983.8898976059,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.285802178409558
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1595985.864898956,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.025930496982976
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1612213.3106563448,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0167662580405257
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1807180.693993726,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.093150580552429
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "621320",
    "hs_description": "Handkerchiefs: of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)",
    "hs_chapter": 62,
    "hs_heading": 6213
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 621320,
      "corridor_rank": 16,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 98255.49290992777,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3251157.9981534504,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 102398.94315236282,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 286932.5933958766,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2066042.2872026786,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.300402966020638,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -37.93056658652244,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -33.98104162091331,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6246980.631760229,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12879384.385437226,
      "historical_peak_year": 2014,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.680638654892672,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.2697,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.9161,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7628896690204048,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.035888726081417244,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 67.2134788311158,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 33,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4693.9,
      "distance_km": 9298.3408203125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.039911157261893,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.030370869448953192,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5938600333705649,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.4970901598173,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 621320,
    "num_markets": 91,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1989000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "JAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 83.33333333333333,
    "median_price_across_markets": 28441.270475429483,
    "price_spread_pct": 6993.0654763995135,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.9721522988505744,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 12175770
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 6466398.837840205,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.501648729742669
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 7525291.326074075,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.37530431988545
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 6390757.206491874,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.07628170687825
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 7060466.225326058,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.479337536933487
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 7805612.376288532,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.553781112777186
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 6434497.01100369,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.56576293040047
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 5553967.935683522,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.684505157347452
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 5860450.127176648,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.518256407711996
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 6415441.3975404035,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.470113358530195
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2500970.162389948,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -61.01639766596906
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2299483.5628049676,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.05633760110269
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1970983.8898976059,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.285802178409558
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1595985.864898956,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.025930496982976
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1612213.3106563448,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0167662580405257
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1807180.693993726,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.093150580552429
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}