{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/420500",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/420500",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/420500",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "420500",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 190,
    "current_lane_count": 139,
    "active_market_count": 139,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 52277761.00012294,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 52107880.42159081,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 56681674.5265196,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 60645589.32060943,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 85923847.18035655,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -8.951856942769664,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.69433451785995,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.213572448028595,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 81406665.27863932,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 247781442.93306476,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.7382844947410696,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "SVK",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5374602.813957312,
    "top_market_share_pct": 10.280858841572563,
    "destination_hhi": 408.8941544081879,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 10.245840212775581,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7937050833934817,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7480853454376739,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 82.37753464542082,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 14.736842105263158,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
      "hs_chapter": 42,
      "hs_heading": 4205,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.131824,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4205,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 420500,
        "corridor_rank": 88,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "SVK",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5374602.813957312,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4897405.478560793,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 6307926.397696238,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6170646.0014527505,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8012922.951301226,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.923654981325076,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -8.731609152436304,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.223633535779673,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12677621.474095307,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13903507.950966626,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.2999785544545963,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -28.7338,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.2751,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 38.6564515438253,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.337422653908199,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 38.656451543825305,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 60,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2092.19,
        "distance_km": 817.4212036132812,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.022876280297619046,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.022876280297619046,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7564536543813007,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 73.94303039826688,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "num_markets": 163,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4540666.666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 88.23529411764706,
      "median_price_across_markets": 66814.43298969071,
      "price_spread_pct": 6795.804780792121,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.810383333333338,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 374964168
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 88383057.28143711,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.6681558839304867
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 95090255.80860518,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.588783114630685
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 103051868.65729138,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.372690535937878
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 111286969.96275759,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.991219773852723
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 122777486.7331854,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.325123214580408
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 109737602.19298737,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.620745616446547
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 113826741.52135603,
        "active_destinations": 135,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.7262882062771867
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 124715122.63288307,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.565749634925794
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 116001701.15939783,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.9866599090267965
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 91729357.69389409,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.9241271661621
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 64144616.51373652,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.071878702355427
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 69038306.50975175,
        "active_destinations": 135,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.629151535994058
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 60562994.70357011,
        "active_destinations": 136,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276245224793412
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 57374148.45439794,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.265337793780192
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 52107880.42159079,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.178816896939008
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "420500",
    "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4205
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "corridor_rank": 88,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SVK",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5374602.813957312,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4897405.478560793,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 6307926.397696238,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6170646.0014527505,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8012922.951301226,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.923654981325076,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -8.731609152436304,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.223633535779673,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12677621.474095307,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13903507.950966626,
      "historical_peak_year": 2014,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.2999785544545963,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -28.7338,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.2751,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 38.6564515438253,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.337422653908199,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 38.656451543825305,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 60,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2092.19,
      "distance_km": 817.4212036132812,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.022876280297619046,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.022876280297619046,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7564536543813007,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 73.94303039826688,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 420500,
    "num_markets": 163,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4540666.666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 88.23529411764706,
    "median_price_across_markets": 66814.43298969071,
    "price_spread_pct": 6795.804780792121,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.810383333333338,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 374964168
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 88383057.28143711,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.6681558839304867
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 95090255.80860518,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.588783114630685
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 103051868.65729138,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.372690535937878
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 111286969.96275759,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.991219773852723
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 122777486.7331854,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.325123214580408
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 109737602.19298737,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.620745616446547
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 113826741.52135603,
      "active_destinations": 135,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.7262882062771867
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 124715122.63288307,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.565749634925794
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 116001701.15939783,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.9866599090267965
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 91729357.69389409,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.9241271661621
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 64144616.51373652,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.071878702355427
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 69038306.50975175,
      "active_destinations": 135,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.629151535994058
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 60562994.70357011,
      "active_destinations": 136,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276245224793412
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 57374148.45439794,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.265337793780192
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 52107880.42159079,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.178816896939008
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}