{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/410320",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410320",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/410320",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "410320",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 57,
    "current_lane_count": 6,
    "active_market_count": 6,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 62725741.80081468,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 62496494.72172382,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40563872.37266525,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 33159297.797046103,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26059704.334183104,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.41033068544808,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.27697874891843,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.959766331992116,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 16482458.483886749,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 63363688.805438995,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 28.450564353455967,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 62322617.05939775,
    "top_market_share_pct": 99.35732168350108,
    "destination_hhi": 9871.976653189615,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 52.13067160345903,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 17.377312193291385,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7891717683506344,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 58.83344141530976,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 78.94736842105263,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 410320,
      "hs_description": "Hides and skins: raw, of reptiles (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4103,
      "substitution_elasticity": -10.470813,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Hides and skins: raw, of reptiles (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4103,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 410320,
        "corridor_rank": 2,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 62322617.05939775,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 16086948.039118204,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40475510.997574255,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 33105120.615697455,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 25979043.35250776,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.286616774307895,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.21801019277738,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.930141739372123,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 62322617.05939775,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 119249849.44590655,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 28.35647503493577,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 45.8409,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.951,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 52.26221865182998,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 17.328229795570707,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 52.26221865182998,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 22,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3765.67,
        "distance_km": 1146.023193359375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7879473526426831,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 58.83727241270885,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 410320,
        "corridor_rank": 62,
        "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 13,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 173073.68489905205,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 29543.333762387272,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 86789.53339481125,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 86789.53339481125,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 66826.44334326117,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 282.9675514685374,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 123.81912154218142,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 124.58991244297026,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 173073.68489905205,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 172118512.6630519,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.666666666666664,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 158.37763902556713,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 109.2817,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.0774,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10055495031953364,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.0999898794080685,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 36.79624843022815,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 13,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3196.51,
        "distance_km": 439.8984375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9417839775690162,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.67053553067007,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 410320,
      "num_markets": 7,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 711210.5263157894,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 16913.46153846154,
      "median_price_across_markets": 128171.05263157895,
      "price_spread_pct": 541.6956875380035,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 55.39007142857143,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 124857228
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 14165263.957126247,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.43690738146666
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 23570684.198961113,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 66.39777606899585
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 20728817.354085825,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.056785542952307
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 22104432.046177156,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.6362430069855645
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 22090234.417740803,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.06422978164149873
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 15669500.408166628,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.06593876802703
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 20353903.997345816,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.895041112719657
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 14905782.14705716,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.766962500162624
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 20050158.0587272,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.5126197398886
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 23821209.745303757,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.8080895698233
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 21038951.54893841,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.67975189385106
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 23065920.31829634,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.634362076660652
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 30612871.194382638,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.71905378993228
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 28582251.20188929,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.633222932927501
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 62496494.72172382,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 118.65490678212494
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "410320",
    "hs_description": "Hides and skins: raw, of reptiles (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or split",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4103
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 410320,
      "corridor_rank": 2,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 62322617.05939775,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 16086948.039118204,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40475510.997574255,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 33105120.615697455,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 25979043.35250776,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.286616774307895,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.21801019277738,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.930141739372123,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 62322617.05939775,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 119249849.44590655,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 28.35647503493577,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 45.8409,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.951,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 52.26221865182998,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 17.328229795570707,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 52.26221865182998,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 22,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3765.67,
      "distance_km": 1146.023193359375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7879473526426831,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 58.83727241270885,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 410320,
      "corridor_rank": 62,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 13,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 173073.68489905205,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 29543.333762387272,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 86789.53339481125,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 86789.53339481125,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 66826.44334326117,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 282.9675514685374,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 123.81912154218142,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 124.58991244297026,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 173073.68489905205,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 172118512.6630519,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.666666666666664,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 158.37763902556713,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 109.2817,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.0774,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10055495031953364,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.0999898794080685,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 36.79624843022815,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 13,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3196.51,
      "distance_km": 439.8984375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9417839775690162,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.67053553067007,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 410320,
    "num_markets": 7,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 711210.5263157894,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 16913.46153846154,
    "median_price_across_markets": 128171.05263157895,
    "price_spread_pct": 541.6956875380035,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 55.39007142857143,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 124857228
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 14165263.957126247,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.43690738146666
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 23570684.198961113,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 66.39777606899585
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 20728817.354085825,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.056785542952307
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 22104432.046177156,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.6362430069855645
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 22090234.417740803,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.06422978164149873
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 15669500.408166628,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.06593876802703
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 20353903.997345816,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.895041112719657
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 14905782.14705716,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.766962500162624
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 20050158.0587272,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.5126197398886
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 23821209.745303757,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.8080895698233
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 21038951.54893841,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.67975189385106
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 23065920.31829634,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.634362076660652
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 30612871.194382638,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.71905378993228
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 28582251.20188929,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.633222932927501
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 62496494.72172382,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 118.65490678212494
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}