{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/270900",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/270900",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/deu/270900",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "270900",
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 115,
    "current_lane_count": 27,
    "active_market_count": 27,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 265034518.9965802,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 109249106.60969822,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 79892697.38643514,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 118553472.97506766,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 92405658.55060583,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -31.343280125509033,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.627147252447497,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.810191172278492,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 542928075.0490584,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 4861147573.071021,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.53308895323054,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 151520384.6280545,
    "top_market_share_pct": 57.17005664081425,
    "destination_hhi": 3964.782854001445,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 1.3058038503782876,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9285503473597658,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.9963175674184304,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 97.6817173611205,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 83.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:35",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 270900,
      "hs_description": "Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude",
      "hs_chapter": 27,
      "hs_heading": 2709,
      "substitution_elasticity": -12.554918,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2709,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": 270900,
      "num_markets": 46,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 791250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 53,
      "median_price_across_markets": 1546.2775263114047,
      "price_spread_pct": 51167.85224754414,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5611.928095238095,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 328309380
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 274004322.2812535,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 296.74075686915
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 167061818.5116347,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -39.02949518433033
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 227883959.2800658,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.406966780500625
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 205106147.05520737,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.995355661196346
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 246370525.75993472,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.118548028509565
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 78259848.1991079,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -68.23489824616243
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 25439990.288296696,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.49292149970373
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 76831999.98252861,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 202.012693840823
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 106164128.29286942,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.17696834263178
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 44593253.86791745,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.99593084313717
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 15515465.610252656,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -65.20669773009044
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 337573807.1057802,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2075.7246323481945
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 121591676.19539067,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -63.98071365848317
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 8837309.354216516,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -92.73197834692608
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 109249106.60969822,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1136.2258944525072
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
      "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
      "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
      "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
      "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
      "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
      "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
      "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
      "population": 83516593,
      "labor_force": 43123.3,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
      "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
      "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 214,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
      "num_border_partners": 360,
      "num_colonial_partners": 384,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
      "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
      "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "270900",
    "hs_description": "Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2709
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": 270900,
    "num_markets": 46,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 791250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 53,
    "median_price_across_markets": 1546.2775263114047,
    "price_spread_pct": 51167.85224754414,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5611.928095238095,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 328309380
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 274004322.2812535,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 296.74075686915
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 167061818.5116347,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -39.02949518433033
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 227883959.2800658,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.406966780500625
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 205106147.05520737,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.995355661196346
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 246370525.75993472,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.118548028509565
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 78259848.1991079,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -68.23489824616243
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 25439990.288296696,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -67.49292149970373
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 76831999.98252861,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 202.012693840823
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 106164128.29286942,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.17696834263178
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 44593253.86791745,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.99593084313717
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 15515465.610252656,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -65.20669773009044
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 337573807.1057802,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2075.7246323481945
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 121591676.19539067,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.98071365848317
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 8837309.354216516,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -92.73197834692608
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 109249106.60969822,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1136.2258944525072
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "DEU",
    "exports_usd": 1556773836581.939,
    "imports_usd": 1317565125540.067,
    "trade_balance_usd": 239208711041.87207,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -4.920181070331687,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.864236583999549,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.27823928798644815,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.9610037823739925,
    "export_partner_hhi": 438.209471440054,
    "export_product_hhi": 54.022047395285114,
    "momentum_score": -3.527598535628115,
    "risk_score": 2.4611575941766954,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4685592.5778046865,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 56103.73231825545,
    "population": 83516593,
    "labor_force": 43123.3,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.08,
    "savings_rate_pct": 27.68,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.9,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 20.06,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2376,
    "trade_openness_pct": 64.10501996682734,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 34.71998925424008,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 214,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 8,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6605.880658436214,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212737,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 19.814814814814817,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.6666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12742739700531733,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.12991419306435142,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024712068784908343,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10520212427944309,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6614.911529962142,
    "num_border_partners": 360,
    "num_colonial_partners": 384,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91665015154679,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.04527604527604,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6565026565026564,
    "real_market_potential": 2800764.90471021,
    "foreign_market_potential": 32561.235292050776
  }
}