{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/col/281990",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/281990",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/col/281990",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "281990",
    "exporter_iso3": "COL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 42,
    "current_lane_count": 15,
    "active_market_count": 15,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1045288.0688010416,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 873825.9910404528,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 681856.2058260296,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 597992.0537098323,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 587750.5141626286,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.474827640056875,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 12.324303185891882,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.9396891543180361,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1071961.0890170978,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 3283243.5842619366,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.414516794374912,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 392463.6072919975,
    "top_market_share_pct": 37.54597598556331,
    "destination_hhi": 2044.8726129355305,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 29.94103960242656,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 7.70552904672576,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7721403427874448,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 88.23071524979756,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 38.095238095238095,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 87.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:31",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2819,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2819,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 281990,
        "corridor_rank": 24,
        "exporter_iso3": "COL",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 392463.6072919975,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 291085.92709285463,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 267042.8843134665,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 247223.20262651597,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 249366.37518689595,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.141687591887962,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.446040940331632,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.3892466924408393,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 722134.0705289586,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15548367.18535634,
        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.148148148148145,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.5309342843288,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 17.7598,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.4342,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.524146764823158,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.448995935614988,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.35018257446566,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3768.46,
        "distance_km": 4021.171142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.017851350786919996,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.041440856879098986,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5695997192076449,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 91.5701387529647,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 281990,
        "corridor_rank": 60,
        "exporter_iso3": "COL",
        "importer_iso3": "ESP",
        "latest_data_year": 2013,
        "lane_data_years": 12,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 41717.42363128916,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 71566.12105617602,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21156.28587769999,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21156.28587769999,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 22749.70469252831,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 88.98625515019035,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 46.506917738523,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.761307229758204,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 210982.87219174404,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30376754.447563544,
        "historical_peak_year": 2001,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.45454545454545,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 85.22494792043214,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 37.3112,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.164,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.12778714604496133,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.0718399761894791,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 28.089820589561686,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2049.53,
        "distance_km": 8107.0009765625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.010722984104777778,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.051870622356022696,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1113246536837065,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99987291383114,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "num_markets": 20,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 24000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SLV",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1041.6666666666665,
      "median_price_across_markets": 6986.129480788144,
      "price_spread_pct": 328.6273665048543,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.982246575342465,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 3342469
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1539871.9290129927,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.969469585924024
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1591813.8956992251,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3731354996207754
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1545953.7647925597,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.880998276907289
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1459662.2247138107,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.581767194074383
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1062899.7433475323,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.18180101181078
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 746392.4425469155,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.777719185799977
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 579058.2929586666,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.419057328240687
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 603440.4696590056,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.2106601350547415
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 469937.96589577035,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.123558242402165
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 488715.7020167657,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.9957903986757617
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 346356.9800133284,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.12914838135355
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 598034.6710577443,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72.66424688040962
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 719672.4675886658,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.339589394671822
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 452070.15884897043,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.18390251002981
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 873825.9910404528,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 93.29433140761331
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "COL",
      "exports_usd": 55337279113.68444,
      "imports_usd": 61448904301.818245,
      "trade_balance_usd": -6111625188.133804,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.885712827844721,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 3.43348211479082,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.222276465026112,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3577574301079531,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1140.5760000652735,
      "export_product_hhi": 950.1838544018461,
      "momentum_score": 0.8466839600165288,
      "risk_score": 10.453799272335598,
      "gdp_million_usd": 418818.1548792711,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 7919.2088682534495,
      "population": 52886363,
      "labor_force": 28266.26,
      "investment_rate_pct": 21.76,
      "savings_rate_pct": 19.47,
      "secondary_education_pct": 77.87,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 28.89,
      "total_factor_productivity": 722.83,
      "trade_openness_pct": 23.764252743254925,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 11.260313921750043,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 42,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9787.839506172839,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021276,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 15.555555555555555,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1315806636858391,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1376194926094697,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03886810412021459,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09875138848925512,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9623.442364704093,
      "num_border_partners": 130,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.882653246321857,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.56781241673328,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.037569944044764,
      "real_market_potential": 123429.5569802146,
      "foreign_market_potential": 9374.631160550322
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "281990",
    "hs_description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides: excluding chromium trioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2819
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "corridor_rank": 24,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 392463.6072919975,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 291085.92709285463,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 267042.8843134665,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 247223.20262651597,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 249366.37518689595,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.141687591887962,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.446040940331632,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.3892466924408393,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 722134.0705289586,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15548367.18535634,
      "historical_peak_year": 2013,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.148148148148145,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.5309342843288,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 17.7598,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.4342,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.524146764823158,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.448995935614988,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 51.35018257446566,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3768.46,
      "distance_km": 4021.171142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.017851350786919996,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.041440856879098986,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5695997192076449,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 91.5701387529647,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 281990,
      "corridor_rank": 60,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "latest_data_year": 2013,
      "lane_data_years": 12,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 41717.42363128916,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 71566.12105617602,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21156.28587769999,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21156.28587769999,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 22749.70469252831,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 88.98625515019035,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 46.506917738523,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.761307229758204,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 210982.87219174404,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30376754.447563544,
      "historical_peak_year": 2001,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.45454545454545,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 85.22494792043214,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 37.3112,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.164,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.12778714604496133,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.0718399761894791,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 28.089820589561686,
      "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2049.53,
      "distance_km": 8107.0009765625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.010722984104777778,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.051870622356022696,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1113246536837065,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99987291383114,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "COL",
    "hs_code": 281990,
    "num_markets": 20,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 24000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SLV",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1041.6666666666665,
    "median_price_across_markets": 6986.129480788144,
    "price_spread_pct": 328.6273665048543,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.982246575342465,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 3342469
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1539871.9290129927,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.969469585924024
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1591813.8956992251,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3731354996207754
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1545953.7647925597,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.880998276907289
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1459662.2247138107,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.581767194074383
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1062899.7433475323,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.18180101181078
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 746392.4425469155,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.777719185799977
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 579058.2929586666,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.419057328240687
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 603440.4696590056,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.2106601350547415
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 469937.96589577035,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.123558242402165
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 488715.7020167657,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.9957903986757617
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 346356.9800133284,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.12914838135355
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 598034.6710577443,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72.66424688040962
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 719672.4675886658,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.339589394671822
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 452070.15884897043,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.18390251002981
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 873825.9910404528,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 93.29433140761331
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "COL",
    "exports_usd": 55337279113.68444,
    "imports_usd": 61448904301.818245,
    "trade_balance_usd": -6111625188.133804,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.885712827844721,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 3.43348211479082,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.222276465026112,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3577574301079531,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1140.5760000652735,
    "export_product_hhi": 950.1838544018461,
    "momentum_score": 0.8466839600165288,
    "risk_score": 10.453799272335598,
    "gdp_million_usd": 418818.1548792711,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 7919.2088682534495,
    "population": 52886363,
    "labor_force": 28266.26,
    "investment_rate_pct": 21.76,
    "savings_rate_pct": 19.47,
    "secondary_education_pct": 77.87,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 28.89,
    "total_factor_productivity": 722.83,
    "trade_openness_pct": 23.764252743254925,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 11.260313921750043,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 42,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9787.839506172839,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.77418617021276,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 15.555555555555555,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1315806636858391,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1376194926094697,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03886810412021459,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09875138848925512,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9623.442364704093,
    "num_border_partners": 130,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.882653246321857,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.56781241673328,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.037569944044764,
    "real_market_potential": 123429.5569802146,
    "foreign_market_potential": 9374.631160550322
  }
}