{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/860721",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860721",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/860721",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860721",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 143,
    "current_lane_count": 85,
    "active_market_count": 85,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 66615406.21057536,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 65129402.74533937,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 63923811.72483333,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 54823361.50085132,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 51733302.85462347,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.046517789558498,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.184242171420084,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.9623551780316495,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 35395708.05495506,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 146548006.73691937,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.08416261152685,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "MEX",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 23402743.577596758,
    "top_market_share_pct": 35.13112793100632,
    "destination_hhi": 2329.228600826714,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 24.338697439175863,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.6860428971239125,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.982967457420004,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 74.89904083279036,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 31.46853146853147,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860721,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, air brakes and parts thereof",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8607,
      "substitution_elasticity": -33.647064,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, air brakes and parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860721,
        "corridor_rank": 13,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23402743.577596758,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8732761.220140351,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21633284.145190556,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 17026126.202317584,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14298337.728481049,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.489939523007266,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 12.163632019660042,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.0835105208386855,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23402743.577596758,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 58858542.256404474,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.18181818181819,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.40642900216858,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.3948,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.2108,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 39.76099760617207,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.3393665523988645,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 55.53046362280381,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 16,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4671.24,
        "distance_km": 12467.1669921875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.13600296420404037,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.785905287224212,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 76.51396869099652,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860721,
        "corridor_rank": 16,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 21470221.208202057,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9453286.348142011,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21589274.05448248,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18386698.830203544,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18032492.171923686,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.336457198305892,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.910883961527168,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.5718500281580718,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26309772.96262431,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150157357.71628773,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.76460717014782,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.7996,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.6512,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 14.298480963396148,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.564534211229285,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 70.48101535326879,
        "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
        "supplier_count_latest": 32,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5209.38,
        "distance_km": 10993.6845703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8724912196844286,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 54.206074903082325,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 860721,
      "num_markets": 116,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 7379000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ZWE",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 154.4943820224719,
      "median_price_across_markets": 13433.962264150943,
      "price_spread_pct": 54926.799409796746,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 132.45254707379135,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 254930739
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 42052400.35870886,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 198.2543868724161
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 47816334.58903307,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.706552256607452
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 35786664.885864966,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.158075805181372
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 36355026.200878166,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.5881930233674604
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 53626383.65832077,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.507481804607835
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 60909433.789402425,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.581095039869624
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 39754545.652709424,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.73171037812819
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 39680065.02982219,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.18735121145109923
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 52286951.799604654,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.771335960028168
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 50585224.770439364,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2545921508053124
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 37263128.03172594,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.335944535524717
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 45082244.29803069,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.98352092086184
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 66954542.17103198,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 48.51643526974262
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 59687490.258128695,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.853710110271491
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 65129402.74533935,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.11734178079222
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
      "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860721",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, air brakes and parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 860721,
      "corridor_rank": 13,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 23,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23402743.577596758,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8732761.220140351,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21633284.145190556,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 17026126.202317584,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14298337.728481049,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.489939523007266,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 12.163632019660042,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.0835105208386855,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23402743.577596758,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 58858542.256404474,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.18181818181819,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.40642900216858,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.3948,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.2108,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 39.76099760617207,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.3393665523988645,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 55.53046362280381,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 16,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4671.24,
      "distance_km": 12467.1669921875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.13600296420404037,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.785905287224212,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 76.51396869099652,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 860721,
      "corridor_rank": 16,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 21470221.208202057,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9453286.348142011,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21589274.05448248,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18386698.830203544,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18032492.171923686,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.336457198305892,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.910883961527168,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.5718500281580718,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26309772.96262431,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150157357.71628773,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.76460717014782,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.7996,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.6512,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 14.298480963396148,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.564534211229285,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 70.48101535326879,
      "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
      "supplier_count_latest": 32,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5209.38,
      "distance_km": 10993.6845703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8724912196844286,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 54.206074903082325,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "hs_code": 860721,
    "num_markets": 116,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 7379000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ZWE",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 154.4943820224719,
    "median_price_across_markets": 13433.962264150943,
    "price_spread_pct": 54926.799409796746,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 132.45254707379135,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 254930739
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 42052400.35870886,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 198.2543868724161
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 47816334.58903307,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.706552256607452
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 35786664.885864966,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.158075805181372
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 36355026.200878166,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.5881930233674604
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 53626383.65832077,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.507481804607835
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 60909433.789402425,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.581095039869624
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 39754545.652709424,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.73171037812819
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 39680065.02982219,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.18735121145109923
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 52286951.799604654,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.771335960028168
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 50585224.770439364,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2545921508053124
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 37263128.03172594,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.335944535524717
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 45082244.29803069,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.98352092086184
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 66954542.17103198,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.51643526974262
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 59687490.258128695,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.853710110271491
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 65129402.74533935,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.11734178079222
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "CHN",
    "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
    "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
    "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
    "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
    "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
    "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
    "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
    "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
    "population": 1408975000,
    "labor_force": 787768.5,
    "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
    "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
    "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
    "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 27,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
    "num_border_partners": 405,
    "num_colonial_partners": 20,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
    "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
  }
}