{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/860400",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860400",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/860400",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860400",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 132,
    "current_lane_count": 49,
    "active_market_count": 49,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 124358834.84052418,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 96178175.70334978,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 107350847.11797346,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 87715911.27617493,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 62101119.46439774,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.941043158454587,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.04309483135701,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.054486817179352,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 77443782.20150742,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 417268039.67925197,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.11344365872476558,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "IND",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 38133644.225564174,
    "top_market_share_pct": 30.664201923784635,
    "destination_hhi": 1276.5845869341426,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 67.58784948187336,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 29.160304568530886,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3875409480081384,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.60721919934294,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 52.27272727272727,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 90,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles: whether or not self-propelled (eg workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8604,
      "substitution_elasticity": -17.769537,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles: whether or not self-propelled (eg workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8604,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 7,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "IND",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 18,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 38133644.225564174,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9048573.221072964,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 25046484.07634306,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 24316178.433254056,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14668166.817031007,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.857817748893083,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 33.158790716275966,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 44.622857780283944,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 38133644.225564174,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 57109615.757087074,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 47.05882352941177,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.76504003139086,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -9.4171,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2322.733,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 66.77272070567545,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 37.15991426271785,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 66.77272070567545,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 11,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4861.97,
        "distance_km": 3785.01318359375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5307908369111112,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.45301342082222223,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1757722733518443,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.74194010687305,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 38,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "TWN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 19,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8719497.856596846,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1294811.1521466551,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3282864.9576300955,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2331427.9076357153,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1731952.8568297778,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 74.85563906404124,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 57.699126424920834,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.449704117477463,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8719497.856596846,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21096143.008632023,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.55555555555556,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 54.405934946563775,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -25.1788,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 66.7314,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 41.332189742120356,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 37.327673881376334,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.332189742120356,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2686.34,
        "distance_km": 1718.1055908203125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4645807140733331,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99974183347605,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 42,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "HKG",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8090995.379445061,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2173114.947152868,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5244822.360894014,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3992971.1911418466,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5001393.049149674,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 49.579520875502084,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 188.03715467773793,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.968926214246094,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 16198821.742417773,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11245140.355057228,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.21739130434783,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 44.61059466125599,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -21.2695,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 207.496,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 71.95103950664638,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 40.30453723072772,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 71.95103950664638,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 4,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5933.8,
        "distance_km": 1976.2490234375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.6355501942932507,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.93863191673815,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 48,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "NGA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 14,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6306326.471517976,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2300696.0881287763,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4772036.0614795955,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4125164.779754779,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3524453.665202941,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.2437686788543205,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.556257458626405,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 16.08621388398115,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6768931.153439437,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15661407.562344179,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.15384615384615,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.842445205126829,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 67.9136,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 719.3991,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 59.2593,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 40.266664706949584,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -32.306359458371475,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 40.266664706949584,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 5,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3335.19,
        "distance_km": 11466.0625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.27203475916565656,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9964815750308555,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.71137212926831,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 49,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "ARE",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 6,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6241381.883642241,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1266784.1424313132,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3780877.859307173,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3780877.859307173,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1893797.2871180484,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2542.495786634196,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 613.195480020124,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 91.88079514027905,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6241381.883642241,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12149090.398025453,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 2450.614991493917,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 63.402,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12918.9714,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 71.9402392595788,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 19.32884911161935,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 95.480931924897,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 9,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9121.8,
        "distance_km": 5966.42724609375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.05214629114545452,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.796364698683984,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.92366448585823,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 52,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "MYS",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5655727.711965902,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1272212.777710082,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4418071.885047485,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2888752.3238929105,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2733898.0310906256,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 96.9171632281543,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 142.03900343647214,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 45.33644844737674,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8183660.708795343,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10799046.07759144,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 51.580714780777555,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 30.8663,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 224.8629,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 52.37247504390058,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -38.92853279091129,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 52.37247504390059,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 13,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4106.6,
        "distance_km": 4355.04736328125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1265993152040404,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.05617092602828282,
        "volatility_cv": 1.8092761383262288,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.36295059736686,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "num_markets": 89,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ISR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 23598523.076923076,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 5.132237217511313,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11578.57142857143,
      "price_spread_pct": 203811.99952227145,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 91.02429946524063,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 374966009
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 11444449.803651208,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -50.11354930710149
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 19511568.789548267,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 70.48935618838877
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 23320144.759003274,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.519578412860074
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 38492223.74310625,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.05996914211029
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 36897675.31474272,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.1425209387885955
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 57230447.62523848,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 55.10583563071155
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 12904411.636251198,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.45184220687383
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 37649621.84630746,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 191.7577562431578
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 50686536.623096384,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.62694746313247
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 23960620.53220907,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.727840313139666
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 44150615.44378816,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 84.26323886077446
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 72376399.58316617,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.9306697215005
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 148462210.67548454,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 105.12516722372989
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 77412154.97508603,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.85733378017854
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 96178175.70334978,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.241697875874042
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
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