{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/845390",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/845390",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/845390",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "845390",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 180,
    "current_lane_count": 148,
    "active_market_count": 148,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 38223819.95643087,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 37761040.046558805,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 41702694.527590014,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 38105248.756385475,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 36158334.86359395,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.524075683830774,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.8501348276251726,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.728014788500047,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 18619882.434437703,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 94129124.05958186,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.2039391046692733,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "VNM",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 8704037.876237776,
    "top_market_share_pct": 22.771240253221702,
    "destination_hhi": 934.9930059230991,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 42.29318426659983,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 4.7119427278769015,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3246474269047808,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 83.49399182258813,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 18.333333333333332,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 845390,
      "hs_description": "Machinery: parts of those for preparing, tanning or working hides, skins or leather, for making or repairing footwear or other articles of hides, skin or leather, other than sewing machines",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8453,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.4061513,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Machinery: parts of those for preparing, tanning or working hides, skins or leather, for making or repairing footwear or other articles of hides, skin or leather, other than sewing machines",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8453,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 2,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "VNM",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8704037.876237776,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2390714.8209302854,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9199132.100543998,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8405085.841790814,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6771718.401837124,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.204703791900876,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.826069895165477,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 26.367420392112283,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12777005.44493003,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 27624574.243967585,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.162716600211407,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 21.4038,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.1567,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 31.508315021863147,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.628307141596952,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 31.508315021863147,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 25,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2541.59,
        "distance_km": 2330.799072265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1527572807164251,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13802313660838164,
        "volatility_cv": 1.500309415894154,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 62.298358036927695,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 11,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "IND",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4411738.627426428,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1222106.3084404522,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3411685.2351739146,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2783825.752581234,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2394179.388379107,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 27.399667480861623,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.464299993471807,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.491308268062104,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4411738.627426428,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16709369.51654634,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.908359212799517,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.0785,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.4011,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 26.402783319009938,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.776083046631538,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 38.74110520997882,
        "peer_top_exporter": "TWN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 32,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2736.07,
        "distance_km": 3785.01318359375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5307908369111112,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.45301342082222223,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9166280776773954,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.90641698327082,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 12,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "IDN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3951246.994177268,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 991667.5801397746,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3538990.357612554,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2934434.799103895,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2116365.5535559244,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 10.758066545536927,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.907002714942656,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.647725803266477,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4234724.426841713,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17987270.70850702,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 67.85714285714286,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.88965925772955,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 55.9386,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8955,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 21.96690680987271,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.8916312803334137,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.14220064485122,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KOR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 41,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2028.19,
        "distance_km": 5220.87939453125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.16605990710525254,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.12010865914781818,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2325064461816513,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 94.88478291169439,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 25,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 576605.5054029803,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 733240.8456752695,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 890846.5765733056,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 726506.3792053398,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2027960.3140286678,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.017312909821302,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.869434892141253,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.4565549008006986,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 9715783.331884632,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15609722.569567429,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.5607580090206037,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.9064,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2494,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.6938869530399288,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2950894662454755,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.05958624495917,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 43,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2437.48,
        "distance_km": 10993.6845703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 2.5120533787169923,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.03258327020554,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 38,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 228026.54112826695,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 110617.76357936698,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 231389.9772835525,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 208265.7354424725,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 209985.97047504695,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.4203231338764324,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.22439881011182,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.8119293880197942,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 387050.73842944077,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16490584.978042847,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.3916062541433618,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 11.0635,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.116,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.382768054813601,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0699619774291802,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 57.169947164212054,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 56,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4205.1,
        "distance_km": 12467.1669921875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.13600296420404037,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.993920972501507,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 90.64417968827053,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845390,
        "corridor_rank": 96,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 20046.988579636025,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 39517.445815189974,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 14153.426406415914,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14025.246572719527,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 61158.419326612224,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.06911602319441545,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -25.954901497959128,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -10.228808076367491,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 280678.49433365295,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11352569.158663392,
        "historical_peak_year": 2016,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.297924099561907,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -16.5231,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.3116,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.17658547857722348,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09385270913821156,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 70.88196649448635,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 30,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5503.53,
        "distance_km": 8225.232421875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019785718721303032,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.042646584813513605,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4797313172305098,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.80670372606612,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 845390,
      "num_markets": 160,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BOL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 16957500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 20,
      "median_price_across_markets": 12226.315789473685,
      "price_spread_pct": 138696.56478691346,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 23.358208722741434,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 167643689
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 10652026.22889027,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 73.3530874685868
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 16119026.982721215,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 51.32357578132341
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 10485054.799796248,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.95230939785821
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 14030086.60211753,
        "active_destinations": 116,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.81033165787718
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 19690631.02230799,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.345755380698265
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 19956133.34407839,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.3483687824407942
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 28302368.634496048,
        "active_destinations": 126,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.82290800784935
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 53631464.039704375,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 89.49461344495464
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 36356127.208931595,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.21119754997463
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 32811011.626801707,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.751081466287093
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 31383621.9592143,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.350337270373713
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 34034538.23994306,
        "active_destinations": 135,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.446814342123576
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 55456263.0936966,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.941135568611685
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 31890780.442514613,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.493816453818255
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 37761040.04655883,
        "active_destinations": 148,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.40738772331324
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
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