{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/740322",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740322",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/740322",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740322",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 138,
    "current_lane_count": 60,
    "active_market_count": 60,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1755231.9530533324,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1506662.7965739428,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1350614.8662032255,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1520801.1923689083,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1822941.6514967587,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.67045736984119,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -12.483322616178672,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.6817207237228673,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3163380.2646350204,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 19915151.52615196,
    "historical_peak_year": 1995,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.988736646118323,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 282774.4666515312,
    "top_market_share_pct": 16.11037596254033,
    "destination_hhi": 857.3287010317324,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 22.409705898244045,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 17.043501940918905,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2942932476940765,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.84501289292831,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 47.10144927536232,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -22.979853,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 740322,
        "corridor_rank": 98,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 282774.4666515312,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 60248.531237156785,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 135539.32407348356,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 83237.71859182182,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 43928.50079452587,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 223.1196988940062,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 114.15774898648445,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 45.38182246563176,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 531810.0144239721,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 54375452.957920484,
        "historical_peak_year": 2007,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 177.73787642837445,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.5318,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0824,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5200406640664894,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.339594487868489,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.940876635536895,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 40,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1684.89,
        "distance_km": 7785.341796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019524322693477366,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04211767652037909,
        "volatility_cv": 2.0496103603625495,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.83374944683996,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 740322,
        "corridor_rank": 99,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 20,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 277965.06572304585,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 169233.06713387134,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 278392.21634328645,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 259388.00930302325,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 235858.47759083388,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.803407610124815,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.71842668081774,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 24.61216841788787,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 581299.4862422333,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13001612.728491439,
        "historical_peak_year": 2019,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.63157894736842,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -14.808760807763054,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.5877,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 44.157,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.137927590428221,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7105773564794418,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 44.14124136809339,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 39,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2712.92,
        "distance_km": 10993.6845703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9392273861221686,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 94.32258121603034,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "num_markets": 85,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CRI",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1323000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 365.9420289855072,
      "median_price_across_markets": 12170.731707317073,
      "price_spread_pct": 10867.333943248816,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.6253391304347815,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 11457210
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2704413.1964134504,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.236062655315006
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 3989768.6979963523,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.528073864138804
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3119764.9772198205,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.80586862625507
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1687287.857270693,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.91618696949666
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1613333.6720111847,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.3830212456536195
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1776124.8772571392,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.090361843314076
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1621216.2531040602,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.721719184087078
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2255626.4379613306,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.13174344524351
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2037754.8301309028,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.659028825151717
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2934688.1546696117,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.015762410490325
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1507946.0805410922,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.61647980751613
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2044215.2826937719,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.56288975267946
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1531481.720368157,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.082170486953725
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1013700.0816675775,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.80919483492813
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1506662.7965739425,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 48.6300360255887
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
      "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740322",
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-tin base alloys (bronze) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "corridor_rank": 98,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 282774.4666515312,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 60248.531237156785,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 135539.32407348356,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 83237.71859182182,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 43928.50079452587,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 223.1196988940062,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 114.15774898648445,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 45.38182246563176,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 531810.0144239721,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 54375452.957920484,
      "historical_peak_year": 2007,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 177.73787642837445,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.5318,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0824,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5200406640664894,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.339594487868489,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.940876635536895,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 40,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1684.89,
      "distance_km": 7785.341796875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019524322693477366,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04211767652037909,
      "volatility_cv": 2.0496103603625495,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.83374944683996,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 740322,
      "corridor_rank": 99,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 20,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 277965.06572304585,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 169233.06713387134,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 278392.21634328645,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 259388.00930302325,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 235858.47759083388,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.803407610124815,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.71842668081774,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 24.61216841788787,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 581299.4862422333,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13001612.728491439,
      "historical_peak_year": 2019,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.63157894736842,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -14.808760807763054,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.5877,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 44.157,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.137927590428221,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7105773564794418,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 44.14124136809339,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 39,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2712.92,
      "distance_km": 10993.6845703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9392273861221686,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 94.32258121603034,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "hs_code": 740322,
    "num_markets": 85,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CRI",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1323000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 365.9420289855072,
    "median_price_across_markets": 12170.731707317073,
    "price_spread_pct": 10867.333943248816,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.6253391304347815,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 11457210
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2704413.1964134504,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.236062655315006
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 3989768.6979963523,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.528073864138804
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3119764.9772198205,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.80586862625507
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1687287.857270693,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.91618696949666
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1613333.6720111847,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.3830212456536195
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1776124.8772571392,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.090361843314076
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1621216.2531040602,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.721719184087078
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2255626.4379613306,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.13174344524351
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2037754.8301309028,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.659028825151717
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2934688.1546696117,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.015762410490325
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1507946.0805410922,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.61647980751613
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2044215.2826937719,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.56288975267946
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1531481.720368157,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.082170486953725
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1013700.0816675775,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.80919483492813
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1506662.7965739425,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.6300360255887
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "CHN",
    "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
    "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
    "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
    "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
    "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
    "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
    "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
    "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
    "population": 1408975000,
    "labor_force": 787768.5,
    "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
    "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
    "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
    "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 27,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
    "num_border_partners": 405,
    "num_colonial_partners": 20,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
    "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
  }
}