{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/740311",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740311",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/740311",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740311",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 111,
    "current_lane_count": 46,
    "active_market_count": 46,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3756855411.175657,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3748098556.4971323,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2732674255.9591274,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2334407147.3692837,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2077386315.2593956,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.590199703051294,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.497190284583382,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.397524940189328,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1154487914.1408827,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6035950025.818862,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 13.192674762861966,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "TWN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1779572103.1035287,
    "top_market_share_pct": 47.368660976671336,
    "destination_hhi": 2756.645300258905,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 24.930644312273987,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 7.528889117828862,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3364557472035707,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 96.47487328417206,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 53.153153153153156,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 90,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740311,
      "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, cathodes and sections of cathodes",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -45.581581,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, cathodes and sections of cathodes",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 740311,
        "corridor_rank": 10,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "TWN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1779572103.1035287,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 293140591.0332574,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1023659703.2449976,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 836648528.5503013,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 674954729.1288018,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 47.595619913800235,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 24.102110263708454,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.17589933938914,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1779572103.1035287,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 4706501448.229848,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 35.419720574411095,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 55.7072,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.6524,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 37.81093286974001,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 15.076288819256416,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 37.81093286974,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2411.6,
        "distance_km": 1718.1055908203125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2600152972622862,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 95.08793847594505,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 740311,
        "corridor_rank": 42,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "VNM",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 498788473.8598919,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 116746484.95944703,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 443279653.8927277,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 397995543.9377569,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 285720590.9696244,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.173960371345435,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.492588404066724,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.178036793750625,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 498788473.8598919,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2248106451.0659437,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.38461538461539,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.0040764224051895,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 22.9289,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 28.4461,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 22.187048732651892,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.6156863097660157,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 22.187048732651892,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 22,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1397.26,
        "distance_km": 2330.799072265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1527572807164251,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13802313660838164,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3806521059792356,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.45747564937007,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 740311,
        "corridor_rank": 49,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "THA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 440999780.226834,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80319004.70518053,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 338563667.41335243,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 294177345.22045696,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 212794780.70523673,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.662878548818463,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.362404270786739,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 28.15304881570677,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 478283433.7246879,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2822833707.919276,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -21.49017026688831,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.0659,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.654,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 15.622591546559686,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.009686273151601,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 22.032562577026187,
        "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 28,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1341.25,
        "distance_km": 3303.890869140625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29405095701191925,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2988774639608283,
        "volatility_cv": 1.6729907619742004,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.04059523013852,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 740311,
        "corridor_rank": 50,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "KOR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 409672961.7033882,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 152817335.0166152,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 225185714.29404476,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 190130038.6275191,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 162197653.96173656,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.567815091272944,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 42.686100892836535,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.7148806634984988,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 520370722.701968,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2499736134.6451907,
        "historical_peak_year": 2012,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.852934427774446,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.261,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.2484,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 16.388648226727202,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 12.679952327682496,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 42.034410121409465,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2843.98,
        "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.14177167863838386,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.01621420555959599,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8745150291201468,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 95.38587177856772,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 740311,
        "corridor_rank": 65,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 25,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 302202380.1629723,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 177044479.46797475,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 385291247.9557944,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 316104376.42267686,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 343595623.2739832,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.584413280697547,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.82984232703339,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.828134170823994,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 640168937.1675628,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30258390892.677795,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.166666666666664,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.756279109873552,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.5447,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.494,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9987390976434968,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6605506945256022,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.772539299755266,
        "peer_top_exporter": "COD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 47,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1747.71,
        "distance_km": 1163.7071533203125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0161074395664327,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.82935947240425,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 740311,
      "num_markets": 65,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CZE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 694500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 296.6666666666667,
      "median_price_across_markets": 8573.232670379604,
      "price_spread_pct": 8097.334576393756,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6534.330599999999,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7977401958
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 134961797.55242518,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0118844902125894
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 694274766.7709895,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 414.4231770485291
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1133919411.3048964,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.324301209830104
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2192597422.2612376,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 93.36448431886633
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1673467730.3798559,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.67647095680704
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1126333367.0659456,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.694646773363104
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1833392089.2872775,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.775262004640076
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2146458609.2887254,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.075808378945883
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2090898293.1402574,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5884643620907792
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1904745056.9653332,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.903026837108666
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1388968667.898121,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.078499937884303
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2085044301.0709167,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 50.11456696328097
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1821261102.191693,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.651203561657645
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2628663109.1885552,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.33202938476203
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3748098556.497133,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.585732777835396
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
      "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740311",
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, cathodes and sections of cathodes",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 740311,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "TWN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1779572103.1035287,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 293140591.0332574,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1023659703.2449976,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 836648528.5503013,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 674954729.1288018,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 47.595619913800235,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 24.102110263708454,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.17589933938914,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1779572103.1035287,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 4706501448.229848,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 35.419720574411095,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 55.7072,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.6524,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 37.81093286974001,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 15.076288819256416,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 37.81093286974,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2411.6,
      "distance_km": 1718.1055908203125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2600152972622862,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 95.08793847594505,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
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