{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/410221",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410221",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chn/410221",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "410221",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 59,
    "current_lane_count": 10,
    "active_market_count": 10,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 9069135.303545242,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 8238120.99009486,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 19470716.058088753,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15153024.467542937,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8326215.00752234,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.388183970138435,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 28.970238042463592,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 64.8701909376922,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 5620765.390825083,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 43252852.96464483,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -79.25837490783064,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5380701.8294315655,
    "top_market_share_pct": 59.32982196580725,
    "destination_hhi": 3941.645817600017,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 18.272660729689626,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -2.9050945683020095,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 2.1416518189970493,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 94.34449649660142,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 71.1864406779661,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 75,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:28",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 410221,
      "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4102,
      "substitution_elasticity": -14.166367,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4102,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 410221,
        "corridor_rank": 4,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5380701.8294315655,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2153613.7806482427,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13427254.80705008,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9574346.312655384,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5042314.015158339,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -8.742432902699882,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 55.14374187024691,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 126.06097140504656,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26176272.965748478,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32037148.344977297,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -134.80340430774643,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.204,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -2.8011,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 27.5862,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 16.79519591285701,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -5.208256433361676,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 27.585203739608737,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
        "supplier_count_latest": 28,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1892.33,
        "distance_km": 8134.69482421875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019785718721303032,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.042646584813513605,
        "volatility_cv": 2.5654488942274445,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.58396775481766,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','declining_buyer_demand','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 410221,
        "corridor_rank": 9,
        "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
        "importer_iso3": "PAK",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 18,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 874557.9423201892,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 150254.05644981988,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 512305.8828251411,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 592497.4785672356,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 329178.92509099457,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 75.14897479211862,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 64.75697879464546,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 86.36288727938701,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1182611.3620667662,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13465221.536804253,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.1764705882353,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.213912487268388,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.1385,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 41.4921,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.494939128404055,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.223001487097251,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 59.26262461088921,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IRN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 14,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4141.42,
        "distance_km": 3882.87744140625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.3924685062080808,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2935273434480607,
        "volatility_cv": 2.12449016555132,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.95508972879445,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": 410221,
      "num_markets": 25,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 312500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TON",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 137.5,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4518.987341772152,
      "price_spread_pct": 6912.223389355742,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 162.91712499999997,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 61788597
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 564638.6346548846,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.155437296334533
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1220330.5963379603,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 116.12594701101959
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 293322.7632971285,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -75.9636639303031
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 223491.32557310406,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.807029818987136
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 55514.541462513414,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -75.1603149159565
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1665990.532372015,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2900.998456408015
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 741644.9013210237,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -55.483246338436295
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 654971.2370124354,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.68667972424599
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2125651.1291079423,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 224.54114150169687
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2308769.9376952974,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.614716031233371
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 4224113.557412586,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.9594836820016
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 13128860.606035836,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 210.80747303767353
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 38350878.074070774,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 192.1112442647111
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 11823149.110100627,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -69.17111236080324
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 8238120.990094859,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.32210865836958
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
      "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
      "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
      "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
      "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
      "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
      "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
      "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
      "population": 1408975000,
      "labor_force": 787768.5,
      "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
      "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
      "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
      "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 27,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
      "num_border_partners": 405,
      "num_colonial_partners": 20,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
      "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "410221",
    "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4102
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 410221,
      "corridor_rank": 4,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5380701.8294315655,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2153613.7806482427,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13427254.80705008,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9574346.312655384,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5042314.015158339,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -8.742432902699882,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 55.14374187024691,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 126.06097140504656,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26176272.965748478,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32037148.344977297,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -134.80340430774643,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.204,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -2.8011,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 27.5862,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 16.79519591285701,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -5.208256433361676,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 27.585203739608737,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
      "supplier_count_latest": 28,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1892.33,
      "distance_km": 8134.69482421875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019785718721303032,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.042646584813513605,
      "volatility_cv": 2.5654488942274445,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.58396775481766,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','declining_buyer_demand','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 410221,
      "corridor_rank": 9,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "PAK",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 18,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 874557.9423201892,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 150254.05644981988,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 512305.8828251411,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 592497.4785672356,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 329178.92509099457,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 75.14897479211862,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 64.75697879464546,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 86.36288727938701,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1182611.3620667662,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13465221.536804253,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.1764705882353,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.213912487268388,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.1385,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 41.4921,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.494939128404055,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.223001487097251,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 59.26262461088921,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IRN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 14,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4141.42,
      "distance_km": 3882.87744140625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.3924685062080808,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2935273434480607,
      "volatility_cv": 2.12449016555132,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.95508972879445,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "hs_code": 410221,
    "num_markets": 25,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 312500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TON",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 137.5,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4518.987341772152,
    "price_spread_pct": 6912.223389355742,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 162.91712499999997,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 61788597
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 564638.6346548846,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.155437296334533
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1220330.5963379603,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 116.12594701101959
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 293322.7632971285,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.9636639303031
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 223491.32557310406,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.807029818987136
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 55514.541462513414,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.1603149159565
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1665990.532372015,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2900.998456408015
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 741644.9013210237,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.483246338436295
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 654971.2370124354,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.68667972424599
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2125651.1291079423,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 224.54114150169687
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2308769.9376952974,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.614716031233371
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 4224113.557412586,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.9594836820016
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 13128860.606035836,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 210.80747303767353
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 38350878.074070774,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 192.1112442647111
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 11823149.110100627,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -69.17111236080324
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 8238120.990094859,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.32210865836958
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "CHN",
    "exports_usd": 3513875096250.6953,
    "imports_usd": 2326530665852.976,
    "trade_balance_usd": 1187344430397.7192,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 6.028060505229971,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.25624212571435656,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7568732857454537,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.2881082462082083,
    "export_partner_hhi": 370.2915098431424,
    "export_product_hhi": 74.18977427830445,
    "momentum_score": 5.046704339384615,
    "risk_score": 2.2224064206072343,
    "gdp_million_usd": 18743803.170827165,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13303.148154386816,
    "population": 1408975000,
    "labor_force": 787768.5,
    "investment_rate_pct": 44.52,
    "savings_rate_pct": 45.77,
    "secondary_education_pct": 84.78,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 7.94,
    "total_factor_productivity": 753.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 34.64311858763455,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 20.843002459079447,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 27,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 18,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 6,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9546.666666666666,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258194,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 10,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 2.2222222222222223,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 6.666666666666667,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13181075487172894,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13620738337369717,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.042183361516283865,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0940240218574133,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9199.832160339074,
    "num_border_partners": 405,
    "num_colonial_partners": 20,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.928316418263822,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.01663585951941,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.657116451016636,
    "real_market_potential": 469092.7812321376,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10340.371802435242
  }
}