{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chl/410712",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410712",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/chl/410712",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "410712",
    "exporter_iso3": "CHL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 35,
    "current_lane_count": 6,
    "active_market_count": 6,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3923447.093718679,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 2099076.5155587136,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1930766.9947230062,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2236155.958298179,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2250486.8346058647,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.062454860838667,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -11.402346866404201,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.6195488616937777,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 4179002.8264147677,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 12060629.648189493,
    "historical_peak_year": 2003,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.682003722532444,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1903503.4835447709,
    "top_market_share_pct": 48.51609918717198,
    "destination_hhi": 2683.114401110222,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.6362123349959505,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.874427224914289,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.077123600085557,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 80.81811985307733,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 74.28571428571429,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:27",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4107,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.1337252,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4107,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "CHL",
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "num_markets": 9,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 42067.79661016949,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 12114.327233903734,
      "median_price_across_markets": 18243.39305156884,
      "price_spread_pct": 164.18803942663456,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 37.115700000000004,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12186285
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1088273.2138279832,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.249864298605097
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1056684.589341324,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9026373235399885
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1747866.548531606,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.41043241873385
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1709861.0633799175,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.174392843871131
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1470995.3454201948,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.969890482654302
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1442540.982924335,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.934361151070248
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1619907.3167325426,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.295410384018947
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1734434.0748047165,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.069957453070944
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2682021.708477828,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 54.63382249220412
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 3845184.4716283325,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 43.3688795088334
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2301701.7998094684,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -40.140666415550164
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3086777.0075124064,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.10846738565028
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1550822.4536419213,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.75916790012282
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2142402.014968383,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.14618236518358
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 2099076.5155587136,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0222861585718275
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHL",
      "exports_usd": 98578226505.96585,
      "imports_usd": 81694139635.413,
      "trade_balance_usd": 16884086870.552856,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.8035854485464187,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.07323746349290339,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8911248572171635,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.215121047176305,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1858.1208380634703,
      "export_product_hhi": 1294.1317634110217,
      "momentum_score": 1.8298472711476421,
      "risk_score": 15.761263007372458,
      "gdp_million_usd": 330267.1373715923,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 16709.889397230672,
      "population": 19764771,
      "labor_force": 9810.97,
      "investment_rate_pct": 23.16,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.57,
      "secondary_education_pct": 92,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 15.14,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1149.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 52.36380575429014,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.63406752154437,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 61,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 10991.810699588477,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 22.59259259259259,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13173224923494684,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13768616823746918,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.0397720103398292,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09791415789763998,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10895.52994670008,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.901502952415782,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.5149863760218,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.0790190735694822,
      "real_market_potential": 112374.1783095805,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11014.579296019741
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "410712",
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4107
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHL",
    "hs_code": 410712,
    "num_markets": 9,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 42067.79661016949,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ITA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 12114.327233903734,
    "median_price_across_markets": 18243.39305156884,
    "price_spread_pct": 164.18803942663456,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 37.115700000000004,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 12186285
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1088273.2138279832,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.249864298605097
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1056684.589341324,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9026373235399885
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1747866.548531606,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.41043241873385
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1709861.0633799175,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.174392843871131
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1470995.3454201948,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.969890482654302
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1442540.982924335,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.934361151070248
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1619907.3167325426,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.295410384018947
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1734434.0748047165,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.069957453070944
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2682021.708477828,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.63382249220412
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 3845184.4716283325,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.3688795088334
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2301701.7998094684,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.140666415550164
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3086777.0075124064,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.10846738565028
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1550822.4536419213,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.75916790012282
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2142402.014968383,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.14618236518358
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 2099076.5155587136,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0222861585718275
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "CHL",
    "exports_usd": 98578226505.96585,
    "imports_usd": 81694139635.413,
    "trade_balance_usd": 16884086870.552856,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.8035854485464187,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.07323746349290339,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8911248572171635,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.215121047176305,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1858.1208380634703,
    "export_product_hhi": 1294.1317634110217,
    "momentum_score": 1.8298472711476421,
    "risk_score": 15.761263007372458,
    "gdp_million_usd": 330267.1373715923,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 16709.889397230672,
    "population": 19764771,
    "labor_force": 9810.97,
    "investment_rate_pct": 23.16,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.57,
    "secondary_education_pct": 92,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 15.14,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1149.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 52.36380575429014,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.63406752154437,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 61,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 10991.810699588477,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 22.59259259259259,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13173224923494684,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13768616823746918,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.0397720103398292,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09791415789763998,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10895.52994670008,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.901502952415782,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.5149863760218,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.0790190735694822,
    "real_market_potential": 112374.1783095805,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11014.579296019741
  }
}