{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/aus/844312",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844312",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/aus/844312",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844312",
    "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 90,
    "current_lane_count": 16,
    "active_market_count": 16,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2063479.1409425281,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 172018.5232017823,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 714253.9980328846,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 575361.4598809131,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 952828.5145756349,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -24.404894445196845,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -37.64100173982099,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -19.41321458010412,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3340305.2132736095,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 20355859.989649076,
    "historical_peak_year": 2009,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.991679865092724,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 788822.8563102816,
    "top_market_share_pct": 38.22780859078487,
    "destination_hhi": 2221.391949940832,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 53.25512987096899,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 27.98200710597226,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7044055753627871,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 49.01823967085364,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 60,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 78,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:11",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844312,
      "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8443,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.588825,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 844312,
        "corridor_rank": 20,
        "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2023,
        "lane_data_years": 16,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 788822.8563102816,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 389693.22657944466,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 445545.47123697324,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 299748.37694692664,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 648041.5771979768,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 359.0566137078794,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.506944930321469,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.969625895105503,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1330064.989287077,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 383885.84616934514,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 351.08698781277394,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -79.6994,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 36.1046,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 41.71445571240268,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -12.129762287711173,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 74.92471506057203,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 9,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5999.28,
        "distance_km": 8956.435546875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0179114785629553,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.38693308729192,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 844312,
        "corridor_rank": 38,
        "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
        "importer_iso3": "MNG",
        "latest_data_year": 2011,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 530431.5452174193,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19.54467017779129,
        "historical_peak_year": 2011,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -98.0929,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11091.2971,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 50,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 96.21649944084065,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 96.21649944084065,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 72.7665053445976,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KOR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 2,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6036.63,
        "distance_km": 10114.62890625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
      "hs_code": 844312,
      "num_markets": 9,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MLI",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 162800,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 26.340801381527292,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4347.290640394089,
      "price_spread_pct": 3744.25527675009,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 84.13636363636364,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 68295
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 4393743.371214841,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -41.91000360446805
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2506848.1699622767,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.9450480338557
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1580439.3718741625,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -36.955121941112814
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1893264.5966297092,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.793560596037498
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1489144.6732114565,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.345137078971735
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2353069.6025526226,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.01484200175424
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1354211.5909103428,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.44914857421613
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 709352.2755801396,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.618800463575184
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 410614.4984179434,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.11416350470931
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1824229.8788907363,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 344.26825792058276
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 335851.791481323,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -81.58939312596145
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 398193.513824589,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.56227178908256
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 844695.158927072,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 112.13182274465035
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1126048.3119698,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.3082473682105
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 172018.5232017823,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -84.72369956304364
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "AUS",
      "exports_usd": 343345689333.4037,
      "imports_usd": 279579610829.55237,
      "trade_balance_usd": 63766078503.85132,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -9.271178282799008,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 0.6549747929691874,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.06517808320619656,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.296408928146178,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1741.202592221926,
      "export_product_hhi": 1097.8312606092395,
      "momentum_score": -6.509378222921164,
      "risk_score": 14.195169264155828,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1757022.4516528314,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 64603.985630846415,
      "population": 27196812,
      "labor_force": 13940.02,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.2,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.91,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 35.67,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2845.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 32.160751803216414,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 17.726452103433928,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 33,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 12440.728395061727,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 12.222222222222221,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13724821771796056,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13777318466083688,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.029260366528756902,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10851281813207997,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 12689.639634512276,
      "num_border_partners": 0,
      "num_colonial_partners": 115,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.699822455182424,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.4406860409719,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7155788470700335,
      "real_market_potential": 316502.8010034211,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10005.270496056879
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844312",
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery: offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 844312,
      "corridor_rank": 20,
      "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2023,
      "lane_data_years": 16,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 788822.8563102816,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 389693.22657944466,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 445545.47123697324,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 299748.37694692664,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 648041.5771979768,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 359.0566137078794,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.506944930321469,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.969625895105503,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1330064.989287077,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 383885.84616934514,
      "historical_peak_year": 2015,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 351.08698781277394,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -79.6994,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 36.1046,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 41.71445571240268,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -12.129762287711173,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 74.92471506057203,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 9,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5999.28,
      "distance_km": 8956.435546875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0179114785629553,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.38693308729192,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 844312,
      "corridor_rank": 38,
      "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
      "importer_iso3": "MNG",
      "latest_data_year": 2011,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 530431.5452174193,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19.54467017779129,
      "historical_peak_year": 2011,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -98.0929,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11091.2971,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 50,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 96.21649944084065,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 96.21649944084065,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 72.7665053445976,
      "peer_top_exporter": "KOR",
      "supplier_count_latest": 2,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6036.63,
      "distance_km": 10114.62890625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "AUS",
    "hs_code": 844312,
    "num_markets": 9,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MLI",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 162800,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 26.340801381527292,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4347.290640394089,
    "price_spread_pct": 3744.25527675009,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 84.13636363636364,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 68295
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 4393743.371214841,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.91000360446805
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2506848.1699622767,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -42.9450480338557
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1580439.3718741625,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.955121941112814
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1893264.5966297092,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.793560596037498
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1489144.6732114565,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.345137078971735
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2353069.6025526226,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.01484200175424
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1354211.5909103428,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -42.44914857421613
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 709352.2755801396,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.618800463575184
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 410614.4984179434,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -42.11416350470931
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1824229.8788907363,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 344.26825792058276
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 335851.791481323,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -81.58939312596145
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 398193.513824589,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.56227178908256
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 844695.158927072,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 112.13182274465035
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1126048.3119698,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.3082473682105
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 172018.5232017823,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -84.72369956304364
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "AUS",
    "exports_usd": 343345689333.4037,
    "imports_usd": 279579610829.55237,
    "trade_balance_usd": 63766078503.85132,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -9.271178282799008,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 0.6549747929691874,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.06517808320619656,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.296408928146178,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1741.202592221926,
    "export_product_hhi": 1097.8312606092395,
    "momentum_score": -6.509378222921164,
    "risk_score": 14.195169264155828,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1757022.4516528314,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 64603.985630846415,
    "population": 27196812,
    "labor_force": 13940.02,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.2,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.91,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 35.67,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2845.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 32.160751803216414,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 17.726452103433928,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 33,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 12440.728395061727,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 12.222222222222221,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13724821771796056,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13777318466083688,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.029260366528756902,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10851281813207997,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 12689.639634512276,
    "num_border_partners": 0,
    "num_colonial_partners": 115,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.699822455182424,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.4406860409719,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7155788470700335,
    "real_market_potential": 316502.8010034211,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10005.270496056879
  }
}