{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/arg/090412",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/090412",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/arg/090412",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "090412",
    "exporter_iso3": "ARG",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 56,
    "current_lane_count": 14,
    "active_market_count": 14,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 169556.19563679575,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 119531.34286957844,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 81921.91792125245,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 66288.77332240297,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 51517.91150069209,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 39.01776772189463,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.44775169049815,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.700219636314976,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 155228.63808034267,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 511002.8704585456,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 29.317548085579652,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "BOL",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 75500.6442459927,
    "top_market_share_pct": 44.52839010832828,
    "destination_hhi": 2623.4300598397726,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 20.442334009897987,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 7.319890445981332,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.884037720016535,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 65.69315081841832,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 66.07142857142857,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 77,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:09",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
      "hs_chapter": 9,
      "hs_heading": 904,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.5055566,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 904,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ARG",
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "num_markets": 14,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 49000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "DOM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3666.6666666666665,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11600,
      "price_spread_pct": 390.8045977011495,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.8688064516129033,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 277936
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 143875.97497054725,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 224.86215120101897
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 115872.565309284,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.463575949352084
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 59638.52550601369,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.5309353885209
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 38493.161079005804,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.45588065364842
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 47359.469352176544,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.033463671567443
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 29895.708825356116,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -36.87490752262373
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 27448.235310872216,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.186705084604213
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 40320.0384165381,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 46.8948293392376
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 40830.03602882515,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.264873825313282
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 45241.229813314596,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.803795963773432
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 41187.24605637111,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.960816878038079
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 44490.866791886365,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.02097991935111
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 72719.92875006524,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.44911662482357
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 53514.482144113645,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.41015597245668
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 119531.34286957844,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 123.36260780340254
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ARG",
      "exports_usd": 81002314514.22745,
      "imports_usd": 58296492990.77576,
      "trade_balance_usd": 22705821523.45169,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 17.05012047276444,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -16.13978362649936,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.010385202623687,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.37971882997817064,
      "export_partner_hhi": 577.6350040292696,
      "export_product_hhi": 395.8146490727189,
      "momentum_score": 12.238199891722214,
      "risk_score": 4.867248265509942,
      "gdp_million_usd": 638365.4553400404,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13969.78366037374,
      "population": 45696159,
      "labor_force": 21689.63,
      "investment_rate_pct": 17.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 16.55,
      "secondary_education_pct": 69.98,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 14.71,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1028.39,
      "trade_openness_pct": 23.30027122634462,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 13.549117411327316,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 6,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 10578.020576131687,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 2.2222222222222223,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13243017396925133,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13735970157709607,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04692008211966861,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09043961945742746,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10490.472194583896,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.483559509407218,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 74.81348083354771,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.8556727553383072,
      "real_market_potential": 362705.9151813697,
      "foreign_market_potential": 7348.464755805976
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "090412",
    "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 904
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ARG",
    "hs_code": 90412,
    "num_markets": 14,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 49000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "DOM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3666.6666666666665,
    "median_price_across_markets": 11600,
    "price_spread_pct": 390.8045977011495,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.8688064516129033,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 277936
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 143875.97497054725,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 224.86215120101897
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 115872.565309284,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.463575949352084
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 59638.52550601369,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.5309353885209
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 38493.161079005804,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.45588065364842
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 47359.469352176544,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.033463671567443
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 29895.708825356116,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.87490752262373
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 27448.235310872216,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.186705084604213
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 40320.0384165381,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 46.8948293392376
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 40830.03602882515,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.264873825313282
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 45241.229813314596,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.803795963773432
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 41187.24605637111,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.960816878038079
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 44490.866791886365,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.02097991935111
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 72719.92875006524,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.44911662482357
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 53514.482144113645,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.41015597245668
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 119531.34286957844,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 123.36260780340254
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ARG",
    "exports_usd": 81002314514.22745,
    "imports_usd": 58296492990.77576,
    "trade_balance_usd": 22705821523.45169,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 17.05012047276444,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -16.13978362649936,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.010385202623687,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.37971882997817064,
    "export_partner_hhi": 577.6350040292696,
    "export_product_hhi": 395.8146490727189,
    "momentum_score": 12.238199891722214,
    "risk_score": 4.867248265509942,
    "gdp_million_usd": 638365.4553400404,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 13969.78366037374,
    "population": 45696159,
    "labor_force": 21689.63,
    "investment_rate_pct": 17.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 16.55,
    "secondary_education_pct": 69.98,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 14.71,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1028.39,
    "trade_openness_pct": 23.30027122634462,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 13.549117411327316,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 6,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 10578.020576131687,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 2.2222222222222223,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13243017396925133,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13735970157709607,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04692008211966861,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09043961945742746,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10490.472194583896,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.483559509407218,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 74.81348083354771,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.8556727553383072,
    "real_market_potential": 362705.9151813697,
    "foreign_market_potential": 7348.464755805976
  }
}