{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:13.317Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "South Africa exports to Romania: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from South Africa to Romania, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "ZAF",
    "country_name": "South Africa"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "ROU",
    "country_name": "Romania"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "importer_iso3": "ROU",
    "all_history_lane_count": 131,
    "current_lane_count": 39,
    "current_product_count": 39,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2000,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 75975775.08701132,
    "attention_trade_usd": 52470532.11642867,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 59055495.101164855,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 1387063.7992286533,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 55530957.18709249,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 1,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 22,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 10,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 12,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.353488336328891,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 7.008095433501853,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 5082.745638899151,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 69.06218733054943,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 88.65928938993815,
    "top_product_hs6": "260111",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 52470532.11642867,
    "top_product_description": "Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "260111",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": null,
    "shares_land_border": null,
    "shares_official_language": null,
    "common_spoken_language_score": null,
    "has_reported_fta": null,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 17.576118725252527,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 17.576118725252527,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": null,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": null,
    "buyer_population_latest": null,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 8.87418786627483,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 9.237316107837202,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.33242142383276274,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": null,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": null,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 69.06218733054943,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": null,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": null,
    "buyer_population_2024": null
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 13796151.158584591,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 30008256.212033484,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 117.5117963488026,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 22492161.417043284,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.046756272282835,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 31287212.33748692,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.10273787106669,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 31.382133033296288
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 32422065.291623313,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.627210190204977,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.6124299703177867
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 12072067.165126424,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -62.76589089392337,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -18.73251549014351
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 29621087.00628722,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 145.36880553362144,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.8075625526412509
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 70957417.22241296,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 139.55034873417,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.83318399032344
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 88427342.88691446,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.620295309992436,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 94.2085343533854
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 45289119.32962762,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.78380617232192,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.203134206970748
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 31221481.98164786,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.06184787032693,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.94077343186497
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 44658713.80484059,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.038417686550545,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -20.364530426993888
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 61546393.36848664,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.8149707522826,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.765091567960638
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 45027891.77306329,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.83910574016065,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.982028170067883
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 43760336.27246975,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.8150451879512928,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.6750976982367263
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 40224388.03875246,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.080258368448156,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.218141672532902
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 36834403.610205084,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.427684282683035,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.475798342276818
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 40526522.099795386,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.023559845468455,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.5265746229574115
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 37687789.917742185,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.004628166865401,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.1478419184245756
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 36755870.685674675,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.472735159322237,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.07111902204277598
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 47121997.70904082,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.202643087995916,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.154562197236245
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 35613823.39413686,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.42208495905088,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.8690559765854764
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 48261598.387048006,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.51366797363678,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.502742305681199
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 85587223.50922434,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.34021741847951,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.00990285948525
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "export_value_usd": 81699748.31830081,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.542120928253435,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 31.886610192479424
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "260111",
      "hs_description": "Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 87102823.24201134,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5801228367709428,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "870421",
      "hs_description": "Vehicles: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), for transport of goods, (of a gvw not exceeding 5 tonnes), n.e.c. in item no 8704.1",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 426619532.65759134,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 29.29173873602091,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5711812580025535,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "080550",
      "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: lemons (Citrus limon, Citrus limonum), limes (Citrus aurantifolia , Citrus latifolia), fresh or dried",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 67297672.82521436,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.366754592357453,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "330499",
      "hs_description": "Cosmetic and toilet preparations: n.e.c. in heading no. 3304, for the care of the skin (excluding medicaments, including sunscreen or sun tan preparations)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 271017589.32002676,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 45.05787181517356,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.209643002007879,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "310390",
      "hs_description": "Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: phosphatic, n.e.s. in heading no. 3103",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 24548039.802227765,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "390120",
      "hs_description": "Ethylene polymers: in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 225826670.09807676,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.7272879319775383,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "550320",
      "hs_description": "Fibres: synthetic staple fibres, of polyesters, not carded, combed or otherwise processed for spinning",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 23034028.752027195,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 9.855247958900748,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.3940889446847603,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "903180",
      "hs_description": "Instruments, appliances and machines: for measuring or checking n.e.c. in chapter 90",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 182878507.25762218,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 3.4998004872509196,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "842489",
      "hs_description": "Mechanical appliances: for projecting, dispersing or spraying liquids or powders, for other than agricultural or horticultural use, whether or not hand-operated",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 47068073.31002339,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.4129219936028579,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": "870892",
      "hs_description": "Vehicles: parts, silencers and exhaust pipes",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 123045317.25496605,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.685628565749882,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "ZAF",
    "importer_iso3": "ROU",
    "distance_km": 7824,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 1,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 284087.56369599997,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 14861.90839631,
    "importer_population": 19115.147,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 20,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.3,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 419946.428126,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6994.21165355662,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 17.576118725252527,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 17.576118725252527,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ZAF-ROU/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ZAF-ROU/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ZAF-ROU/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ZAF-ROU/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ZAF-ROU/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}