{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:59.637Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Venezuela exports to China, Macao SAR: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Venezuela to China, Macao SAR, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "VEN",
    "country_name": "Venezuela"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "MAC",
    "country_name": "China, Macao SAR"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
    "importer_iso3": "MAC",
    "all_history_lane_count": 2,
    "current_lane_count": 2,
    "current_product_count": 2,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2024,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 3004294.805648974,
    "attention_trade_usd": 2681687.7471815245,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 0,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 0,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 3004294.805648974,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 3004294.805648974,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 1,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 0,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 0,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 2,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.38721968045948435,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 36.49086674646678,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 8082.978538979309,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 89.26180420573733,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 100,
    "top_product_hs6": "030572",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 2681687.7471815245,
    "top_product_description": "Fish: edible offal, fish heads, tails and maws",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "030572",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
    "distance_km": 16376.908203125,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": null,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 29905.190182,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 45422,
    "buyer_population_latest": 658.391,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": -2.10707901944438,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -2.538342143523442,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.44249516534402566,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 19.368000000000002,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 55.720000000000006,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer economy and income contracted",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 89.26180420573733,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "market_access_friction",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 29905.190182,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 45422,
    "buyer_population_2024": 658.391
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 4243.842436590394,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 991.9164724196016,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -76.62692507461395,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 7246.974945076959,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 630.6033468119819,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 5814.259627685349,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.769839529594158,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.065298923486377
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 7954.583374966225,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.811630101439704,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 100.16160675303327
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 5985.239054616133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.757353434094263,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.177230801530387
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 774.4569902964417,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -87.06055041027744,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -48.92979186625554
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 89.89332591232602,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -88.39272844862343,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -77.55928602989457
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 2167.301180913171,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2310.9700680414962,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -28.723572795217788
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 7492.163200967901,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 245.6909112101878,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 113.07703340818756
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 3149.3116772315025,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.96525525732478,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 227.2121324575254
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 6100.702304631733,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 93.7154187925515,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 41.19528311186957
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 3907.521106914928,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.94965117461497,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.505779104305965
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 15.23567601944662,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.61009357076831,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -83.08720589504902
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 6284.709844828917,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41149.957250385174,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.9954478865385141
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 1762541.9251413976,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27944.921224034293,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 666.912896919778
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 4803390.173660613,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 172.5262931419499,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6706.053815921283
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "export_value_usd": 3028429.5270147338,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.95224794310641,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 683.9904034942302
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "hs_code": "030572",
      "hs_description": "Fish: edible offal, fish heads, tails and maws",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 153021989.87904784,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 35.06853612177365,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.354992835238486,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
      "importer_iso3": "MAC",
      "hs_code": "030819",
      "hs_description": "Aquatic invertebrates: sea cucumbers (Stichopus japonicus, Holothuroidea), dried, salted or in brine, smoked, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 56501618.08094454,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 48.31406313528813,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6551069869865569,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "VEN",
    "importer_iso3": "MAC",
    "distance_km": 16388,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 29905.190182,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 45421.62663523651,
    "importer_population": 658.391,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 438283.56710399996,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15268.57259496072,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/VEN-MAC/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/VEN-MAC/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/VEN-MAC/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/VEN-MAC/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/VEN-MAC/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}