{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:57.400Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Ukraine exports to The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Ukraine to The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "UKR",
    "country_name": "Ukraine"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "MKD",
    "country_name": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
    "importer_iso3": "MKD",
    "all_history_lane_count": 51,
    "current_lane_count": 20,
    "current_product_count": 20,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 47084195.90567046,
    "attention_trade_usd": 26454498.43714409,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 37552157.47280498,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 13893020.449256308,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 26060523.004695028,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 4,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 8,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 7,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 7,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4889215411573367,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 25.244672961981635,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 2280.0578972864587,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 32.814652229590315,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 76.16570511889923,
    "top_product_hs6": "170199",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 15450515.141544761,
    "top_product_description": "Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matter",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "151211",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": 1165.0755615234375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 1,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 7.001963714011904,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 10.51420017063492,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.6890247825611118,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 7.825175388073808,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 15,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 13879.269152,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 6721,
    "buyer_population_latest": 2065.092,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 6.102292619107685,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 6.699259143923331,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.5594851638195619,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 27.060000000000002,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 15.984,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 56.18551602780608,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 13879.269152,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 6721,
    "buyer_population_2024": 2065.092
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 43444641.303461,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 21202700.34526394,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.19605155175988,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 75584005.43465151,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 256.48292058956895,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 106649345.16635138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.10041476772275,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 34.8985637397669
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 84191185.13613209,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.057944608275935,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 58.352582014951
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 256290507.05440736,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 204.4148940770949,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 50.2337608314807
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 65675983.938334845,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -74.37439853190011,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.92222340954925
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 68381467.46224044,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.119441174183036,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.698076363897831
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 59949361.965211414,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.330980615011155,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -38.38534586129666
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 58132521.01855561,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.030625993501168,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.985345583226352
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 48678454.31854745,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.26295666239981,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.710692568314839
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 87807786.95807445,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 80.38326850616116,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.566303169457395
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 92954827.29922597,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.861712861080393,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.936726018225666
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 182195465.220543,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 96.00430716099038,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.2626262343022
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 59172375.48361472,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -67.5225860248563,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.327782582378132
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 100112667.77543189,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 69.18818444791665,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.503578835023701
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 112201670.39271407,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.075397535504372,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.921350716933535
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 43338626.93328194,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -61.37434783137044,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.859759089641118
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 43491794.29043524,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.3534199581105568,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.26334903956484
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 67099889.55719598,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.28172291330977,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -15.749175253438462
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 29852497.50064496,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.510362688155126,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.684857444207752
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 34442449.75188834,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.375438022042264,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.481431871225485
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 47944634.47489546,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.20216134529411,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.599612297356808
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 64551483.37751169,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.63755451365851,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.312900182308365
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 88635012.61435127,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.30902525662139,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 37.036763320763576
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 89546532.72562526,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0283973391417955,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 23.15052118922669
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 131349511.70498846,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 46.682967734160606,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 26.718710633289213
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 80812018.35818563,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.475585246415115,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.0330919440755055
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 47485316.88331072,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.23978357669515,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.05869751014252
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 59688677.858049795,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.699230363624448,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.118620833266903
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "170199",
      "hs_description": "Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matter",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 43251401.023877345,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.2757019124937528,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "151211",
      "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 26696214.362062186,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1838130324100113,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "720838",
      "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 27587808.42983484,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 84.11144809299489,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1015139369236746,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "720839",
      "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of less than 3mm",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 28982107.285395466,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 90.10427203628349,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9399374895134838,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "701090",
      "hs_description": "Glass: carboys, bottles, flasks, jars, pots, phials and other containers of glass, (not ampoules), used for the conveyance or packing of goods",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 24446113.304153796,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 10.980612197056624,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7539094595420932,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "730890",
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.s. in heading no. 7308",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 59008504.70998661,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 62.23540396453306,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.1294607254662457,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "020714",
      "hs_description": "Meat and edible offal: of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, cuts and offal, frozen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 42513726.89412176,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 74.28441222123158,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8666989067782016,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "170490",
      "hs_description": "Sugar confectionery: (excluding chewing gum, including white chocolate), not containing cocoa",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12298558.12264104,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6744796605049517,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "180690",
      "hs_description": "Chocolate and other food preparations containing cocoa: n.e.c. in chapter 18",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 24084902.273203976,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 22.350709162435532,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6255775857440217,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "190531",
      "hs_description": "Food preparations: sweet biscuits, whether or not containing cocoa",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 20885340.158557873,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8327476582301503,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
    "importer_iso3": "MKD",
    "distance_km": 1170,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 1,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 1,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13879.269152,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6720.896285492366,
    "importer_population": 2065.092,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 15,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.1,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 200085.537744,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4566.642520459455,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 7.001963714011904,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 10.51420017063492,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.6890247825611118,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 7.825175388073808
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/UKR-MKD/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/UKR-MKD/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/UKR-MKD/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/UKR-MKD/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/UKR-MKD/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}