{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:04.783Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Taiwan exports to Bulgaria: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Taiwan to Bulgaria, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "TWN",
    "country_name": "Taiwan"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "BGR",
    "country_name": "Bulgaria"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
    "importer_iso3": "BGR",
    "all_history_lane_count": 228,
    "current_lane_count": 180,
    "current_product_count": 180,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 161458029.81691128,
    "attention_trade_usd": 74480854.96218257,
    "critical_trade_usd": 10592847.785914805,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 91025230.29608442,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 39608404.7050016,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 31187733.980752368,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 161458029.81691128,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 1,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 18,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 122,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 75,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 35,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 180,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.280972607025536,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 29.22292947906003,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 807.6753770411465,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 23.87237430258542,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 39.131031663168486,
    "top_product_hs6": "854239",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 38543865.219473034,
    "top_product_description": "Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "871160",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": 8785.25,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 23,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 80271.119426,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 11635,
    "buyer_population_latest": 6899.125,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 10.593931268104285,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 11.189451881330982,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.5355909244541324,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 25.716,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 23.028,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 46.13016462955834,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 6.560743865094097,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 80271.119426,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 11635,
    "buyer_population_2024": 6899.125
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 15091905.7752418,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 11110314.653368874,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.382295126734146,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 11943396.86749839,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.4982774126645335,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 14598253.343803177,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.228654927556303,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.1024338685526325
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 16914878.165155664,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.869191791604798,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.039637647484682
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 20266743.06463719,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.81607474055773,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.275716106289977
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 26831214.60264101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.39036246261966,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.49352866619756
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 46502797.02603662,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 73.31603401010153,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 40.08879526782487
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 71478031.24650806,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.706950587268906,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 52.21690015786218
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 77833023.36075042,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.890832614465483,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 42.61805935188578
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 91929789.6561272,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.11154916858271,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 25.50443232631576
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 103205125.70168166,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.265160279090171,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.025445722294048
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 122636294.37163529,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.827716683491236,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.363927983461647
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 159986457.49283844,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.456043467864212,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 20.2843111048846
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 79490943.05894841,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -50.31395512804156,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.334595180892935
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 99210303.56505214,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.807053165139024,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.822171203287208
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 94473895.44014454,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.774109094225221,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.103688605540555
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 90323382.03234829,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.393291277404643,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.350414971235916
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 94409226.27707082,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.523573135535641,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.6398414828448171
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 137679122.8167378,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.832275346351345,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.375380024455419
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 120099278.87956041,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.76870710498178,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.963039654118845
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 120715995.5914753,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5135057576268531,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.538411368145615
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 113163248.9619157,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.25662456127144,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.327429259145578
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 128297572.67084077,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.373885822258803,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.225524304952775
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 108354436.78720021,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.544437410991796,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.5370306910650795
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 124403776.37112881,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.811889627969975,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.2070549279032523
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 185807464.97247854,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.358379940305475,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.139669593167236
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 238655062.1132206,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.44212806442936,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 30.109193203182794
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 162370407.5801483,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.964398264840497,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.28429936962496
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "export_value_usd": 192147244.09385404,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.338832153887076,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.1246428011304044
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "854239",
      "hs_description": "Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 176868361.24796045,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 14.21400628645197,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6294840341474164,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "871160",
      "hs_description": "Motorcycles (including mopeds) and cycles: fitted with auxiliary motor, with electric motor for propulsion, with or without side-cars: side-cars",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 35785086.85071307,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.882306395927225,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "871499",
      "hs_description": "Cycles: parts thereof, n.e.s. in item no. 8714.9",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 31259027.420116186,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 66.04559799749215,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.6785035120680416,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "845811",
      "hs_description": "Lathes: for removing metal, horizontal, numerically controlled",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 50068856.98733571,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 45.141555150513874,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0689700535524216,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "851762",
      "hs_description": "Communication apparatus (excluding telephone sets or base stations): machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or other data, including switching and routing apparatus",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 254297407.3559676,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.2475258617564218,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "871491",
      "hs_description": "Cycles: frames and forks, and parts thereof",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 41988533.965527534,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 78.03830116986454,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.93120862923061,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "854231",
      "hs_description": "Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 201480696.4709641,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 47.13263000189012,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8070355343286216,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "846693",
      "hs_description": "Machine-tools: parts and accessories, for the machines of heading no. 8456 to 8461",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 34610649.08505872,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 44.718482153408125,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.428122886678849,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "847330",
      "hs_description": "Machines: parts and accessories of automatic data processing, magnetic or optical readers, digital processing units",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 49629679.135240965,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 58.965937345308774,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.513127385578562,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
      "importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "hs_code": "847170",
      "hs_description": "Data processing machines: storage units",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 47940276.2489585,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 14.693326118988196,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6982213990759708,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "TWN",
    "importer_iso3": "BGR",
    "distance_km": 8790,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 80271.119426,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 11634.971018208831,
    "importer_population": 6899.125,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 23,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 610872,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 25888.765087444594,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/TWN-BGR/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/TWN-BGR/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/TWN-BGR/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/TWN-BGR/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/TWN-BGR/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}