{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:53.903Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Singapore exports to Germany: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Singapore to Germany, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "SGP",
    "country_name": "Singapore"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "DEU",
    "country_name": "Germany"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "all_history_lane_count": 623,
    "current_lane_count": 506,
    "current_product_count": 506,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1997,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 5035819315.114077,
    "attention_trade_usd": 1788447399.5943878,
    "critical_trade_usd": 720890740.0761285,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 2565841397.917428,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 2574932196.709548,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 573976.3173160094,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 1459725864.0549905,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 8,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 69,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 331,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 290,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 5,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 101,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1785112582423032,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 44.95874903280685,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 325.26334404465325,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 9.133869913424588,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 24.158735548334974,
    "top_product_hs6": "293379",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 459965185.31762874,
    "top_product_description": "Heterocyclic compounds: lactams: other than 6-hexanelactam (epsilon caprolactam)",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "293379",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
    "distance_km": 10380.26953125,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.397599995136261,
    "has_reported_fta": 1,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9122431492983538,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.87826368271605,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.671333208589251,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.206930474126799,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4223116.205969,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 50802,
    "buyer_population_latest": 83129.288,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 3.422772294996279,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.3176380750794765,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.10175824948728263,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.237999999999996,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 27.802,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 35.51452678666796,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 14.315262223815473,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "declining_buyer_demand",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Critical attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 4223116.205969,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 50802,
    "buyer_population_2024": 83129.288
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3393054441.938334,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3260861411.122123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.895989088247398,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3341602184.425919,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.476056572916785,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3207323967.5741844,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.018378294027936,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.8589574390671992
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3011509627.046566,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.10522486993167,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.6168156562278777
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3996622547.917904,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.711597931614556,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.1482395887962005
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 4049406269.054738,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.3207081855736602,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.08103802870621
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3710421923.8460555,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.371211053807459,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.204499566205325
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3887719708.7251396,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.778372608776116,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.9166677085605035
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5469146165.690414,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.677481285909266,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.537437669645255
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5723301134.637477,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.647068504796104,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.542324341910918
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6306745062.926905,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.194185393433507,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.499705081810866
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5600121466.7668085,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.204251782965812,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7919789517086162
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5859247082.627459,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.627142775355808,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.785581316896744
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 4303466982.500282,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.552560050591325,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.961817853192203
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5904865830.824142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.21183071313956,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.781972331984094
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6469596480.443554,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.563818481216746,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.358245151774275
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5935327400.312234,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.258151520675527,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.312021092080826
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5633822058.996787,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.079843469116563,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.5540855858459546
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5559972205.332301,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.3108304254401015,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.9252609188590535
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5345034839.138272,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.8657992928074814,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.4315442162721865
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5536429787.671039,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.5807988964132287,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.5795883741659846
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6377253379.495363,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.187108372560543,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.677582466032426
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 7096822961.056515,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.283377635186454,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.910152475127187
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6012005945.949752,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.285952898355305,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.7850303070900084
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5104381055.919864,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.096872794035555,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.152587500512175
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5332478844.950263,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.468666945737931,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.087892981848878
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6895860329.515879,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.318100081092723,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.678225458409457
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 6629193970.242104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.867049889806806,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.103633148363976
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5147336403.105257,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.353510453741155,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.1709842023659878
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "293379",
      "hs_description": "Heterocyclic compounds: lactams: other than 6-hexanelactam (epsilon caprolactam)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 4225730303.6402073,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 69.24161535088493,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.202425768088116,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "293359",
      "hs_description": "Heterocyclic compounds: containing a pyrimidine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) or piperazine ring in the structure, (other than malonylurea (barbituric acid) and its derivatives),and loprazolam, mecloqualone, methaqualone, zipeprol and salts thereof",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 3510293593.796009,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 37.93545295209564,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.166659819049596,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "854239",
      "hs_description": "Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 6715758605.297569,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 57.053376696156775,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.29672304336496463,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "854231",
      "hs_description": "Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 7105695334.588194,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 57.77595511126636,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.298339854124949,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "300214",
      "hs_description": "Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products: immunological products, mixed, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 6930840890.892648,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 6.772559150305199,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.552172145207724,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "292249",
      "hs_description": "Amino-acids, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, their esters: salts thereof, excluding lysine, glutamic acid, anthranalic acid and tilidine, their esters and salts thereof",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 458110898.46686685,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 92.04782750328705,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7916077963137211,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902780",
      "hs_description": "Instruments and apparatus: for physical or chemical analysis, for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or quantities of heat, sound or light, n.e.c. in heading no. 9027",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1028092472.6594126,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 15.249072907073554,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.089422419173612,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "300215",
      "hs_description": "Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products: immunological products, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 14854187460.351685,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.808104122481402,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "851762",
      "hs_description": "Communication apparatus (excluding telephone sets or base stations): machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or other data, including switching and routing apparatus",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 10820223255.546944,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 47.139417903538586,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9031565068274382,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902190",
      "hs_description": "Appliances: worn, carried or implanted in the body, to compensate for a defect or disability",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1440675484.4125297,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9100461320273555,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "SGP",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "distance_km": 9925,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 1,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
    "importer_population": 83129.288,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9122431492983538,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.87826368271605,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.671333208589251,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.206930474126799
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/SGP-DEU/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/SGP-DEU/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/SGP-DEU/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/SGP-DEU/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/SGP-DEU/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}