{ "template": "Corridor pair risk profile", "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile", "source": "api", "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:17.165Z", "seo": { "title": "Peru exports to the Netherlands: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks", "description": "Understand reported exports from Peru to the Netherlands, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning." }, "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "email": "support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "exporter": { "iso3": "PER", "country_name": "Peru" }, "importer": { "iso3": "NLD", "country_name": "Netherlands" }, "latestYear": 2024, "risk": { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "all_history_lane_count": 161, "current_lane_count": 114, "current_product_count": 114, "first_observed_last_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "current_trade_usd": 1498330324.5165591, "attention_trade_usd": 481685073.1712531, "critical_trade_usd": 73985766.31394127, "high_volatility_trade_usd": 980637303.5250385, "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 201378782.3638055, "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0, "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 482071989.512382, "access_friction_trade_usd": 0, "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0, "critical_lane_count": 1, "high_attention_lane_count": 17, "high_volatility_lane_count": 67, "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 47, "declining_demand_lane_count": 0, "concentrated_market_lane_count": 37, "access_friction_lane_count": 0, "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0403959333446022, "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 16.717272804509413, "product_concentration_hhi": 1070.636138734452, "top1_product_share_pct": 21.621142883554715, "top3_product_share_pct": 51.96699701977862, "top_product_hs6": "271111", "top_product_trade_usd": 323956140.33135426, "top_product_description": "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons: liquefied, natural gas", "top_attention_product_hs6": "271111", "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "distance_km": 10542.5224609375, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "common_spoken_language_score": 0.04350000247359276, "has_reported_fta": 1, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0463731936292928, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7024199569310624, "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.217993169937625, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 3.5, "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1018007.05695, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 58061, "buyer_population_latest": 17533.405, "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 5.515439704237579, "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 4.743525072332222, "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.7369568967363849, "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.17, "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 30.663999999999998, "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient", "attention_trade_share_pct": 32.14812283310559, "critical_trade_share_pct": 4.937880860004152, "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_markets" ], "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure", "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 1018007.05695, "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 58061, "buyer_population_2024": 17533.405 }, "history": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 256472815.45984137, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 189396011.86975798, "yoy_growth_pct": -26.1535724438547, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 197675391.1741616, "yoy_growth_pct": 4.371464437222206, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 131814204.1046749, "yoy_growth_pct": -33.317848356480454, "cagr_3y_pct": -19.89856604329049 }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 100281897.88102156, "yoy_growth_pct": -23.921781751694414, "cagr_3y_pct": -19.09961812889318 }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 97918885.73845243, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.356369586635365, "cagr_3y_pct": -20.876658729171528 }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 73221800.7775732, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.221983251368606, "cagr_3y_pct": -17.79604151351839 }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 123401435.6690564, "yoy_growth_pct": 68.53100355168063, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.1599632327264295 }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 175965217.4934879, "yoy_growth_pct": 42.59576198562183, "cagr_3y_pct": 21.577569203934964 }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 321195851.46537244, "yoy_growth_pct": 82.53371662911691, "cagr_3y_pct": 63.69792482257661 }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 423186574.2207062, "yoy_growth_pct": 31.75343712878844, "cagr_3y_pct": 50.80088475512339 }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 566972977.5135831, "yoy_growth_pct": 33.97707111990924, "cagr_3y_pct": 47.69932479635135 }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 525904162.6710412, "yoy_growth_pct": -7.2435224378145975, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.8633806415776 }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 604485620.2723348, "yoy_growth_pct": 14.942163074386471, "cagr_3y_pct": 12.620650376480057 }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 356719897.27689743, "yoy_growth_pct": -40.987860535675466, "cagr_3y_pct": -14.311674126631235 }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 620687081.0347912, "yoy_growth_pct": 73.9984468971166, "cagr_3y_pct": 5.679001014905194 }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 776774182.8811457, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.14747070071617, "cagr_3y_pct": 8.718370939867537 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 705117121.2635608, "yoy_growth_pct": -9.224954072469371, "cagr_3y_pct": 25.500264736730106 }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 796497822.9443578, "yoy_growth_pct": 12.959648677519553, "cagr_3y_pct": 8.66857256181115 }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 658517238.6848253, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.323410094138026, "cagr_3y_pct": -5.356500864028102 }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 672062365.3747568, "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0569130000276825, "cagr_3y_pct": -1.587687121332182 }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 661380094.7165184, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5894760975466493, "cagr_3y_pct": -6.008443343132008 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 645750891.958543, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.3631196165155965, "cagr_3y_pct": -0.6504383092461263 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 801667227.9799039, "yoy_growth_pct": 24.144966420173496, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.054276275050374 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 883254604.3647791, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.177212381559443, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.12305814582579 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 968308885.266017, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.629644779763979, "cagr_3y_pct": 14.458917461379993 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 1360991802.682665, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.55347662215958, "cagr_3y_pct": 19.294510585357383 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 1132439667.0570035, "yoy_growth_pct": -16.793057472878246, "cagr_3y_pct": 8.636655719122954 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 1060049150.1446643, "yoy_growth_pct": -6.392439175189657, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.063296276717642 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "export_value_usd": 1526982452.0008435, "yoy_growth_pct": 44.04826906303894, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.9105185844791057 } ], "riskLanes": [ { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "271111", "hs_description": "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons: liquefied, natural gas", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 6885565586.610801, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0804821679262142, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "081040", "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: cranberries, bilberries and other fruits of the genus vaccinium, fresh", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 571220181.211136, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0576254764230903, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "080440", "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: avocados, fresh or dried", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 795765198.7354497, "current_below_peak_pct": 0.5454134564971351, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1464980797202844, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "080610", "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: grapes, fresh", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 265234390.50577113, "current_below_peak_pct": 31.28636233678317, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9979303743436817, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "220710", "hs_description": "Undenatured ethyl alcohol: of an alcoholic strength by volume of 80% vol. or higher", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1100911623.1250198, "current_below_peak_pct": 41.72954673126374, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.848216469271875, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "261390", "hs_description": "Molybdenum ores and concentrates: other than roasted", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 497999263.9063116, "current_below_peak_pct": 52.57150386061426, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8932264458482372, "attention_level": "Critical attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "180100", "hs_description": "Cocoa beans: whole or broken, raw or roasted", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 3719029294.3704853, "current_below_peak_pct": 35.19739461745047, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1701077650963139, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "080450", "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: guavas, mangoes and mangosteens, fresh or dried", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 160296227.83044082, "current_below_peak_pct": 50.82627905027701, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.827962496183346, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "090111", "hs_description": "Coffee: not roasted or decaffeinated", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 803899262.0600138, "current_below_peak_pct": 12.061678890603268, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5546712621941712, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "hs_code": "800110", "hs_description": "Tin: unwrought, not alloyed", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 276069020.7595296, "current_below_peak_pct": 88.14138545051739, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9333049079269523, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] } ], "accessProfile": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "PER", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "distance_km": 10518, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "shares_ethnic_language": 0, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 1, "rta_coverage_ratio": 2, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 1, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897, "importer_population": 17533.405, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 223249.4975, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6692.248173881455, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0463731936292928, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7024199569310624, "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.217993169937625 }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-29", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-29" } ] }, "links": { "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-NLD/risk", "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-NLD/risk/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-NLD/risk/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-NLD/risk/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-NLD/risk/index.ld.json", "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/", "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors", "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact", "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" } }