{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:17.151Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Peru exports to Japan: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Peru to Japan, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "PER",
    "country_name": "Peru"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "JPN",
    "country_name": "Japan"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "PER",
    "importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "all_history_lane_count": 137,
    "current_lane_count": 96,
    "current_product_count": 96,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1996,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 3185559348.845091,
    "attention_trade_usd": 1272598907.9983456,
    "critical_trade_usd": 125560483.18552962,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 734370802.4333111,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 485856990.5110472,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 12099971.314007334,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 278159208.1847847,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 3185559348.845091,
    "critical_lane_count": 2,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 27,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 29,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 43,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 3,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 59,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8755267587290139,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 12.352955358264866,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 3352.444249071095,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 53.46231576945312,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 81.19146485101481,
    "top_product_hs6": "260300",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 1703073798.102897,
    "top_product_description": "Copper ores and concentrates",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "271012",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": 15505.615234375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 1,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8921722558634744,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.060224438230304,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6055136605864648,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.454710777643839,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4937421.880462,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 39285,
    "buyer_population_latest": 125681.595,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": -4.67885267787802,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -4.27363742210356,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.4233058113377264,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.977999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 24.869999999999997,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer economy and income contracted",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 39.948993838702776,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 3.941552155700724,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "declining_buyer_demand",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 4937421.880462,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 39285,
    "buyer_population_2024": 125681.595
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 472270395.02460027,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 393813437.7098449,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.612719776912677,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 487978637.10725814,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.911118915853912,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 243499994.25161114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -50.10027576307821,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.8132254963461
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 264091373.96002743,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.456418971057133,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.470477017586411
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 328531209.92608035,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.40058340406319,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.35537756617947
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 398364988.7977167,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.25636066276595,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.831318061538013
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 388237119.5887874,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5423592669365003,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.705362402845767
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 395546066.23381525,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.882598617249509,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.383305121508642
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 593446455.6546779,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.03219759083124,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.208946626804009
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 627796889.8564754,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.788295451845404,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.374575487500586
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1221004381.5770721,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 94.49035210356232,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 45.60402623211131
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2109607094.8422542,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72.77637383392891,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 52.618323656153464
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1897716900.4533849,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.044059621666824,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 44.58972170117343
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1471401924.9347508,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.464624487286954,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.4154532519375085
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2045463233.9760127,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.0145818972419,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.0239692050129423
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2199884465.4125896,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.549450357824794,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.048409802278453
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2721987998.389147,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.733225139104587,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.758515720498785
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2410395253.562724,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.447249033089824,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.624709760167357
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1595868283.932975,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.79225744930522,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.147039640229261
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1155573116.8021464,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.589693432952554,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.84283184637236
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1246046007.496216,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.829265788428685,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.74318177499096
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1900687378.8127894,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 52.537495997599535,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.9996787476689795
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2231799178.6265,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.42063442440125,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.533414102102146
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2152820400.8331766,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.5387941061045147,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.99355147663784
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 1915870549.1634672,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.006484868779854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.26556918287483633
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2701249145.4481974,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.99330179837322,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.57037885747962
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2799229857.362753,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.627237127669636,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.146610602335281
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 2265620197.9943504,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.06273105671764,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.748361928927204
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 3203016486.6113863,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.374820433136584,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.843658737314872
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "260300",
      "hs_description": "Copper ores and concentrates",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12647304968.077278,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7484494566842899,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "271012",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 14025067126.790947,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 6.811872158365068,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.402315888565037,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "271111",
      "hs_description": "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons: liquefied, natural gas",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 36343216667.59373,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 54.255338241549524,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6498051920151072,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "800110",
      "hs_description": "Tin: unwrought, not alloyed",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 560007858.0461304,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5634156012107736,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "260800",
      "hs_description": "Zinc ores and concentrates",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 964872173.6123071,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 65.71862712686396,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6792969347296148,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "230120",
      "hs_description": "Flours, meals and pellets: of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 256097387.02119952,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 65.3551999929705,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.48855735170169423,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "260111",
      "hs_description": "Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 8303860735.791544,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 36.07474486282914,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6189365050572342,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "090111",
      "hs_description": "Coffee: not roasted or decaffeinated",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1499516097.5154953,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 9.248767645086954,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6470876992513036,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "030743",
      "hs_description": "Molluscs: cuttle fish and squid, whether in shell or not, frozen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 494170021.7515982,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 30.441230414871956,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8722305487304555,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "PER",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "080440",
      "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: avocados, fresh or dried",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 136557570.14009327,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 8.77074657052339,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1599808280232031,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "PER",
    "importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "distance_km": 15500,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 1,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
    "importer_population": 125681.595,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 223249.4975,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6692.248173881455,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8921722558634744,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.060224438230304,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6055136605864648,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.454710777643839
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-JPN/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-JPN/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-JPN/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-JPN/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/PER-JPN/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}