{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:57.108Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia exports to South Africa: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to South Africa, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "MKD",
    "country_name": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "ZAF",
    "country_name": "South Africa"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "all_history_lane_count": 24,
    "current_lane_count": 14,
    "current_product_count": 14,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2011,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 170675926.28897616,
    "attention_trade_usd": 168210785.6492811,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 169667964.1690407,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 380891.3428643166,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 24396601.604899533,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 170675926.28897616,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 170675926.28897616,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 5,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 10,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 1,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 7,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 14,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.9348428346492246,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 0.48055664352537003,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 6890.265002220981,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 82.25198188729814,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 95.42779720757815,
    "top_product_hs6": "842199",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 140384331.977187,
    "top_product_description": "Machinery: parts for filtering or purifying liquids or gases",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "842199",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": 8456.873046875,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.543448460317459,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 9.543448460317459,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 40,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 419946.428126,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 6994,
    "buyer_population_latest": 60041.996,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 0.5997022185294298,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -0.829491262325488,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 1.4411476748953822,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 19.936,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 19.216,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend weakened",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 98.55566001996013,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 419946.428126,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 6994,
    "buyer_population_2024": 60041.996
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 233086.7925259908,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 299232.1445283211,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.377992285836882,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 186381.70348126502,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.71334166820278,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 329761.07422881864,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 76.92781430231214,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.26056952825656
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 271724.99408946844,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.599433248776787,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.163195983553102
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 419394.54426435294,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.34522159793025,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 31.0407891889662
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 775610.4512285873,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 84.93575127188689,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 32.98870420698255
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 721307.0077431266,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.001381092717695,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.461868457131374
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 626095.7245229329,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.19982784003404,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.2894090561692
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 682463.2731532542,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.00302404608684,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.175062629785664
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 606022.0865854081,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.20077659485721,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.639673785456334
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1016628.3711283724,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 67.75434322146552,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.53679092397642
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 679828.0358918888,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.12914972682333,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.12887806704027227
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 474492.9598099511,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.203972952152803,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.83194129785969
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 2099666.8374923347,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 342.50747963327325,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 27.349151152204023
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 7726605.075481363,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 267.99195651007994,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 124.8346355849352
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 4458657.6815091735,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -42.29473827182242,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 111.02056703934325
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 2058169.5919021317,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -53.838806678572396,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.6631792998213815
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 33684631.82147587,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1536.6305261727728,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 63.360741713901625
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 12426498.255827885,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.10929470244267,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 40.728333352053994
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 2871215.3734090324,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -76.8944129367864,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.736450481420224
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 5100655.919927826,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.6479732996048,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -46.699484704643204
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 17607244.386996143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 245.19568979758358,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.317529687329575
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 38663851.83440745,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 119.59059001283983,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 137.91022938490016
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 172484477.68266797,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 346.1130215928767,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 223.3761578148833
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "842199",
      "hs_description": "Machinery: parts for filtering or purifying liquids or gases",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 325646740.28236765,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.025449456533102,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "381512",
      "hs_description": "Catalysts, supported: reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations, with precious metal or precious metal compounds as the active substance, n.e.c. or included",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 241019503.59955698,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.8224053254979935,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "999999",
      "hs_description": "Commodities not specified according to kind",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 792043907.2825749,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.048073060813947,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "381519",
      "hs_description": "Catalysts, supported: reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations, with an active substance other than nickel or precious metals or their compounds, n.e.c. or included",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 118514379.90491875,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0354867967313623,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "842139",
      "hs_description": "Machinery: for filtering or purifying gases, other than intake air filters for internal combustion engines",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 137700984.3453063,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 22.51259333451199,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1131741298133613,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "870893",
      "hs_description": "Vehicle parts: clutches and parts thereof",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 77545341.33247124,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 21.92860848247034,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5707548842629251,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "854430",
      "hs_description": "Insulated electric conductors: ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets of a kind used in vehicles, aircraft or ships",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 148807337.79890063,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.3157042455217023,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "860729",
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, brakes (other than air brakes) and parts thereof",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 13252225.264951278,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 61.07248411210474,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.3846486658932222,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "848120",
      "hs_description": "Valves: for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 73573301.9330629,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.7096564924796016,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "271113",
      "hs_description": "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons: liquefied, butanes",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 200725779.46045342,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 31.25109334849643,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7258487711691988,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "distance_km": 7581,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 419946.428126,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6994.21165355662,
    "importer_population": 60041.996,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 40,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.2,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 13879.269152,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6720.896285492366,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.543448460317459,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 9.543448460317459,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ZAF/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ZAF/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ZAF/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ZAF/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ZAF/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}