{ "template": "Corridor pair risk profile", "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile", "source": "api", "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:57.220Z", "seo": { "title": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia exports to Italy: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks", "description": "Understand reported exports from The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to Italy, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning." }, "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "email": "support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "exporter": { "iso3": "MKD", "country_name": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" }, "importer": { "iso3": "ITA", "country_name": "Italy" }, "latestYear": 2024, "risk": { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "all_history_lane_count": 236, "current_lane_count": 95, "current_product_count": 95, "first_observed_last_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "current_trade_usd": 184173678.0047734, "attention_trade_usd": 15262636.929052526, "critical_trade_usd": 0, "high_volatility_trade_usd": 99776037.95812596, "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 55418077.64894466, "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0, "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 8921854.934384333, "access_friction_trade_usd": 0, "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0, "critical_lane_count": 0, "high_attention_lane_count": 4, "high_volatility_lane_count": 55, "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 37, "declining_demand_lane_count": 0, "concentrated_market_lane_count": 14, "access_friction_lane_count": 0, "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.200018721884104, "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 22.820572183436674, "product_concentration_hhi": 917.60277593341, "top1_product_share_pct": 25.941425933921856, "top3_product_share_pct": 41.559184684349944, "top_product_hs6": "841950", "top_product_trade_usd": 47777278.26938803, "top_product_description": "Heat exchange units: not used for domestic purposes", "top_attention_product_hs6": "722540", "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "distance_km": 742.0995483398438, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "common_spoken_language_score": 0, "has_reported_fta": 1, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0648395458404765, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.790684918650794, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.9588743323212618, "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.8318105863295324, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11, "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 2099880.198259, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 35551, "buyer_population_latest": 59066.223, "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 3.3456337761183397, "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.6164129413341017, "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.26132844935394806, "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 21.387999999999998, "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 22.601999999999997, "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient", "attention_trade_share_pct": 8.287089172784478, "critical_trade_share_pct": 0, "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_markets" ], "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure", "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 2099880.198259, "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 35551, "buyer_population_2024": 59066.223 }, "history": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 187187072.64719728, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 109195889.27669553, "yoy_growth_pct": -41.66483415096533, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 94609266.44773903, "yoy_growth_pct": -13.358216069832917, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 135245988.24832073, "yoy_growth_pct": 42.9521582043223, "cagr_3y_pct": -10.267552602291797 }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 157081779.55247396, "yoy_growth_pct": 16.145241413047493, "cagr_3y_pct": 12.88593671535969 }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 155705538.61831838, "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8761302157872741, "cagr_3y_pct": 18.06562269621996 }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 97600828.27969635, "yoy_growth_pct": -37.31704784185895, "cagr_3y_pct": -10.303319583423665 }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 95284614.0690512, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.373150158119075, "cagr_3y_pct": -15.348955302036615 }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 136662219.28558663, "yoy_growth_pct": 43.42527450082312, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.255286789528833 }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 207464745.93132472, "yoy_growth_pct": 51.808412753623, "cagr_3y_pct": 28.577092756709057 }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 226514394.2526609, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.182113440922635, "cagr_3y_pct": 33.462014324051715 }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 275091630.4158556, "yoy_growth_pct": 21.44554050238865, "cagr_3y_pct": 26.263057807487343 }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 371163210.01266617, "yoy_growth_pct": 34.92348329594008, "cagr_3y_pct": 21.396697196909397 }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 339119869.4420931, "yoy_growth_pct": -8.633221102242217, "cagr_3y_pct": 14.398187517691197 }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 230753797.8064707, "yoy_growth_pct": -31.955093582072337, "cagr_3y_pct": -5.6901269915406 }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 327798318.4742177, "yoy_growth_pct": 42.055438129402575, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.056858832516319 }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 367125059.17613506, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.997236863498584, "cagr_3y_pct": 2.6802532300083115 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 278446582.5691046, "yoy_growth_pct": -24.15484162427749, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.462749537467949 }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 288818984.24773496, "yoy_growth_pct": 3.725095701634662, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.13214618826927 }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 319104229.3886398, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.485891438122241, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.565329818812758 }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 194589816.29242992, "yoy_growth_pct": -39.01998207130082, "cagr_3y_pct": -11.258641673146863 }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 178846089.03119484, "yoy_growth_pct": -8.09072517832865, "cagr_3y_pct": -14.765012116973042 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 166809438.32858965, "yoy_growth_pct": -6.73017272438411, "cagr_3y_pct": -19.444347479035272 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 205298757.64517117, "yoy_growth_pct": 23.073825859159914, "cagr_3y_pct": 1.80178766832908 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 181738507.28333944, "yoy_growth_pct": -11.4760803387579, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.5362085665771232 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 160965543.89031717, "yoy_growth_pct": -11.430138666560175, "cagr_3y_pct": -1.1816873812112383 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 225780512.72431645, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.266362146525324, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.220678912542052 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 281585112.56472754, "yoy_growth_pct": 24.71630486044201, "cagr_3y_pct": 15.714445282248146 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 198466447.2596212, "yoy_growth_pct": -29.518132030506393, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.230432591480063 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "export_value_usd": 195677788.53234383, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4051033642122013, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.657831488441411 } ], "riskLanes": [ { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "841950", "hs_description": "Heat exchange units: not used for domestic purposes", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 401064600.5514207, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.9755934797490093, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "720851", "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness exceeding 10mm", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 218542275.1347546, "current_below_peak_pct": 50.812499436994365, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.45278110356449314, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "400921", "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, without fittings", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 82736279.86643928, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6254977912093239, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "720852", "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 47936177.81164607, "current_below_peak_pct": 56.4981110276854, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7171157242349028, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "722540", "hs_description": "Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not in coils", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 239478886.70689765, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.402447554559006, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "limited_history" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "870895", "hs_description": "Vehicle parts: safety airbags with inflater system: parts thereof", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 144494323.1612704, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.2709697934649962, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "640610", "hs_description": "Footwear: parts, uppers and parts thereof, other than stiffeners", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 721823791.7435547, "current_below_peak_pct": 84.11958581480232, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6364387970813483, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "851671", "hs_description": "Electro-thermic appliances: coffee or tea makers, of a kind used for domestic purposes", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 545029820.6455852, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.9747306806135445, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "concentrated_buyer_market" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "210210", "hs_description": "Yeasts: active", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 42537881.67019648, "current_below_peak_pct": 9.87701666762033, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0354321314894384, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": "020410", "hs_description": "Meat: of sheep, lamb carcasses and half-carcasses, fresh or chilled", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 88433713.1709532, "current_below_peak_pct": 71.3584529131941, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.3550553100467921, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown" ] } ], "accessProfile": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "MKD", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "distance_km": 742, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "shares_ethnic_language": 0, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 1, "rta_coverage_ratio": 2, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 1, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254, "importer_population": 59066.223, "importer_biz_entry_days": 11, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 13879.269152, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6720.896285492366, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0648395458404765, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.790684918650794, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.9588743323212618, "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.8318105863295324 }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-29", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-29" } ] }, "links": { "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ITA/risk", "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ITA/risk/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ITA/risk/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ITA/risk/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/MKD-ITA/risk/index.ld.json", "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/", "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors", "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact", "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" } }