{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:07.933Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Kuwait exports to Madagascar: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Kuwait to Madagascar, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "KWT",
    "country_name": "Kuwait"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "MDG",
    "country_name": "Madagascar"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "importer_iso3": "MDG",
    "all_history_lane_count": 7,
    "current_lane_count": 3,
    "current_product_count": 3,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2001,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 21343127.37322385,
    "attention_trade_usd": 21343127.37322385,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 17021528.10918806,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 17021528.10918806,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 21343127.37322385,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 3,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 2,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 2,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 3,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0841900472575379,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 72.61928049828278,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 3655.188015226005,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 45.57781325702978,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 100,
    "top_product_hs6": "271019",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 9727730.737377971,
    "top_product_description": "",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "271019",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
    "distance_km": 5364.8896484375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 8.449328033131312,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 8.449328033131312,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 14637.400396,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 515,
    "buyer_population_latest": 28427.334,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 4.3132742329127005,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 1.745400205779224,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 2.5238232116046477,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.479999999999997,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 10.228,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 100,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 14637.400396,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 515,
    "buyer_population_2024": 28427.334
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 8899.966044233399,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 27151.93568221108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 205.07909296804308,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 3439112.5305170654,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12566.178097829843,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 10167.523666496332,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.7043561797913,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.538343510324272
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 9028.14772383939,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.206031871962818,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -30.721370640616108
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 94594.5833731149,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 947.773987163856,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -69.8139263441577
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 2996754.196936788,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3067.997669714889,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 565.4957864185671
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 906034.870878214,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -69.76612657106341,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 364.7100720397415
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 11990573.346125234,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1223.4119051624189,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 402.33244210334533
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 118741.417200806,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.00971026344476,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -65.90816572648302
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 3398110.8764983374,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2761.773892046213,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.36894287391612
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 59014.69666522989,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.26330867914342,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -82.98990484535554
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 238576.05132468257,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 304.26548776153606,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 26.185137734231347
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 164360292.6523203,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 68792.20093119881,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 264.35084985217264
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 145440281.43773022,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.511302948707048,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1250.7495836862092
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 53095227.41166823,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.49345113554337,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 506.0050077453673
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 214972.40107193895,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.59511916314969,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -89.06391357271521
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 280889.1188884059,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.662874623802704,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -87.54673002841405
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 191325.3084171679,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.885824137894325,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -84.6689354474471
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 3764667.928223624,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1867.679006697378,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 159.68567238670337
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 113382219.22131623,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2911.7455611766577,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 639.0435183687896
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 14536745.170293557,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -87.17899043595312,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 323.543724895079
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 107338630.43992725,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 638.3952128381408,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 205.4989991862471
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 45386101.349054635,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.71689916012552,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -26.30138803159158
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 101177.47187830246,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.77707388634207,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -80.90708604302799
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 8972539.200236905,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8768.119585977784,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -56.27601148414121
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 45963948.861382455,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 412.27359207490395,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.4226054128904755
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 221639.6539969529,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.51779675269988,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.87369997621261
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "export_value_usd": 21506781.3247772,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9603.489848018296,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 33.82996107487666
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 301313506.6266668,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 90.91971857117602,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1178613579612464,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "hs_code": "271012",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 292936875.4527654,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 91.23916919054541,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.6816688698864344,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "importer_iso3": "MDG",
      "hs_code": "250300",
      "hs_description": "Sulphur of all kinds: other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 30525144.674867075,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "importer_iso3": "MDG",
    "distance_km": 5343,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 14637.400396000001,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 514.9058436503402,
    "importer_population": 28427.334,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 30.2,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 105960.22568799999,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 24479.36427900964,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 8.449328033131312,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 8.449328033131312,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/KWT-MDG/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/KWT-MDG/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/KWT-MDG/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/KWT-MDG/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/KWT-MDG/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}