{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:54.107Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Jamaica exports to Ghana: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Jamaica to Ghana, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "JAM",
    "country_name": "Jamaica"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "GHA",
    "country_name": "Ghana"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
    "importer_iso3": "GHA",
    "all_history_lane_count": 5,
    "current_lane_count": 1,
    "current_product_count": 1,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1997,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "attention_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 1,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 1,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 1,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 1,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8099442878219173,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 83.72040109468918,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 10000,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 100,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 100,
    "top_product_hs6": "281820",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 9228339.326104881,
    "top_product_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "281820",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
    "distance_km": 8405.2626953125,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 1,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.058800000697374344,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 14.305571388686866,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 14.305571388686866,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 13,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 77594.279055,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 2445,
    "buyer_population_latest": 31732.128,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 3.7856910333109672,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 1.8008640533864417,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 1.9497152586874344,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 23.753999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 17.79,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 100,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 77594.279055,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 2445,
    "buyer_population_2024": 31732.128
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 43389198.76881636,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 38499370.76360806,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.269689563206676,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 73766853.02112058,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 91.60534719920534,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 19403254.375536818,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -73.69651329712903,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.528845134308252
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 35599537.38632015,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.47199236434915,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.576534433633282
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 10357208.074902922,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -70.90634082542068,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -48.0250817436193
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 12129366.5950009,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.110388313933612,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.49572117775123
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 21364051.356998395,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 76.13492996248918,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -15.651035970233007
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 3128025.135604588,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -85.35846463138222,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -32.9072111919442
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 84411.78611500736,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.30143517217319,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -80.90784334454794
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 43118.68503110226,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.918643929231706,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -87.36251562781072
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 52892.7525263218,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.667823678225197,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -74.33298813752474
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 114988.34597465044,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 117.39905843891769,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.853713385323683
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 5030990.136789518,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4275.217413683485,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 388.6478429480173
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 190922.16446183773,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -96.20507774273489,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 53.398128227296546
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 35373.376931767314,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -81.47235705635535,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -32.494229547925634
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 135733.46800080052,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 283.71645506907794,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -70.00760411922113
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 8973249.5914296,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6510.9337097146,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 260.88137282871656
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 3512714.977809527,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.85347964504921,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 363.0794017387461
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 94420.65844968488,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.31203188854896,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.394633479158756
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 106772.5817179578,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.081801664044779,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -77.17013559702329
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 101482.25015352319,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.95476598890261,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -69.31573496977623
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 17339076.566282444,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16985.821944282616,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 468.3985742562713
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 29515388.139217142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 70.22468311036094,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 551.4227450099372
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 28508525.89704034,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.4113128969460615,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 554.9300102223983
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 13077155.833936583,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.12896520442605,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.97463168536856
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 12920084.808850767,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.201109989667637,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.07135985379779
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 5333404.214355431,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.720052590507464,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -42.8069514813196
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 24042220.548297927,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 350.78564425298396,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.504984373753743
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "export_value_usd": 9231429.864249451,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -61.6032560482314,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.600613868146569
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
      "importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "hs_code": "281820",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 21773506.143799853,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 83.72040109468918,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8099442878219173,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "JAM",
    "importer_iso3": "GHA",
    "distance_km": 8224,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 1,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 77594.279055,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2445.2907493314033,
    "importer_population": 31732.128,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 13,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 12.3,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 14.305571388686866,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 14.305571388686866,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/JAM-GHA/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/JAM-GHA/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/JAM-GHA/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/JAM-GHA/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/JAM-GHA/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}