{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:18.453Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Italy exports to Benin: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Italy to Benin, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "ITA",
    "country_name": "Italy"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "BEN",
    "country_name": "Benin"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
    "importer_iso3": "BEN",
    "all_history_lane_count": 18,
    "current_lane_count": 12,
    "current_product_count": 12,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2008,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 11802718.316935318,
    "attention_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 696626.4729706125,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 5381678.527046802,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 595923.8451322096,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 5,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 8,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 4,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7214763047422867,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 49.21899153590316,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 2197.607641530977,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 35.96831468161763,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 72.44646762139486,
    "top_product_hs6": "020712",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 4245238.865220219,
    "top_product_description": "Meat and edible offal: of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, not cut in pieces, frozen",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "",
    "distance_km": 4070.7177734375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.036399997770786285,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 13.078116144444444,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 13.078116144444444,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8.5,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 17785.640079,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 1428,
    "buyer_population_latest": 12451.031,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 8.341590831269329,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 5.606032094814539,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 2.5903432618306743,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.576,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 12.404,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Stable",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 17785.640079,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 1428,
    "buyer_population_2024": 12451.031
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 26540087.789965294,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 27332287.81847417,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9849186437446606,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 27902861.7523901,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.08754546163632,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 38659015.29544376,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.548567664864365,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.357295929571622
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 37159182.369825974,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.879645961376954,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.780517106263886
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 32399043.785582054,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.810127351212252,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.1060742040631935
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 40569258.9122399,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.21745759142955,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.6206797405231566
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 51674338.86557784,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.373139788825405,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.61852002327064
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 43590387.98968811,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.644033486173425,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.395875310834391
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 35074137.80603709,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.53699101202232,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.735744769900441
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 38725459.558560945,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.410296534489216,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.16764997081735
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 30684425.171859726,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.764206489380722,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.043896308461253
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 36081394.33615175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.588627240250567,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.9482441437412614
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 65955182.12440817,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.79554695125621,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.42193795487457
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 47775839.82033025,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.563175050880883,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.903561008295796
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 51652963.58422281,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.115239373024497,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.703475977891232
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 84005314.66978224,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 62.63406558039455,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.397503397071105
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 51443225.29993618,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.76193964375333,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.4959298671766605
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 72789630.94145611,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.495076401335986,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.113546554292576
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 83187679.95983286,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.285069018607599,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.3254960181609867
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 63092251.201483145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.1567366322186,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.040783205869827
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 38219202.539150506,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -39.42330189313,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.325298368005317
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 35205171.06600523,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.8861704925889065,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.92146053076485
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 45660126.52350489,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.69721532640175,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.218464453648368
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 37131101.92336817,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.67937136737051,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.9581511448101709
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 43290194.9787947,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.587423309272587,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.134092283482452
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 57993389.419106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.96426014600655,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.296343578335307
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 53052829.80402867,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.519177210652318,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.630731663361505
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 54974099.997876026,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.6214283025888028,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.290292988933135
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "export_value_usd": 40395481.144093655,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.51906780528581,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.355574203889528
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "020712",
      "hs_description": "Meat and edible offal: of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, not cut in pieces, frozen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 10647633.724193953,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 36.949250217786066,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6294659597254435,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "020727",
      "hs_description": "Meat and edible offal: of the poultry of heading no. 0105, of turkeys, cuts and offal, frozen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 37727118.40370089,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 61.998803569097426,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7008742046224474,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "690721",
      "hs_description": "Ceramic tiles: flags and paving, hearth or wall tiles other than those of subheadings 6907.30 and 6907.40, of a water absorption coefficient by weight not over 0.5%",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 10796864.144489693,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 30.714858388017575,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6680765180153682,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "020714",
      "hs_description": "Meat and edible offal: of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, cuts and offal, frozen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 42255577.467968844,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 75.08144115974252,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7675691262630505,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "630900",
      "hs_description": "Clothing: worn, and other worn articles",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 52206566.21770979,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 53.7765525040786,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.4276025014463864,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "391721",
      "hs_description": "Plastics: tubes, pipes and hoses thereof, rigid, of polymers of ethylene",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 39869987.35622955,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 85.24057416170601,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.655409461575358,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "210690",
      "hs_description": "Food preparations: n.e.s. in item no. 2106.10",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 17983082.033856746,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 40.234297257132376,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.013507622003887,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "850440",
      "hs_description": "Electrical static converters",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 10725900.26580249,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 26.98261130084733,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.6042003970264356,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "730890",
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.s. in heading no. 7308",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 37728706.602261566,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 86.18671935518624,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5160337048525974,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
      "importer_iso3": "BEN",
      "hs_code": "271320",
      "hs_description": "Petroleum bitumen: obtained from bituminous minerals",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 34196077.58721153,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 97.2388337033697,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8680598621771279,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "ITA",
    "importer_iso3": "BEN",
    "distance_km": 4053,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 17785.640079,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 1428.44717670368,
    "importer_population": 12451.031,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 8.5,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.5,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 13.078116144444444,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 13.078116144444444,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ITA-BEN/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ITA-BEN/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ITA-BEN/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ITA-BEN/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ITA-BEN/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}