{ "template": "Corridor pair risk profile", "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile", "source": "api", "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:10.058Z", "seo": { "title": "India exports to Spain: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks", "description": "Understand reported exports from India to Spain, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning." }, "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "email": "support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "exporter": { "iso3": "IND", "country_name": "India" }, "importer": { "iso3": "ESP", "country_name": "Spain" }, "latestYear": 2024, "risk": { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "all_history_lane_count": 1460, "current_lane_count": 1353, "current_product_count": 1353, "first_observed_last_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "current_trade_usd": 5307462759.747723, "attention_trade_usd": 925162905.6692051, "critical_trade_usd": 50647331.578958035, "high_volatility_trade_usd": 3159544824.319818, "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 749956082.8730077, "declining_demand_trade_usd": 563529.9720585113, "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 890735299.3499925, "access_friction_trade_usd": 0, "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0, "critical_lane_count": 3, "high_attention_lane_count": 135, "high_volatility_lane_count": 778, "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 559, "declining_demand_lane_count": 2, "concentrated_market_lane_count": 374, "access_friction_lane_count": 0, "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.144457791878073, "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 23.299535686093247, "product_concentration_hhi": 191.2812830165699, "top1_product_share_pct": 9.817925856457748, "top3_product_share_pct": 19.342014211012525, "top_product_hs6": "271019", "top_product_trade_usd": 521082758.6111377, "top_product_description": "", "top_attention_product_hs6": "760120", "top_attention_product_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "distance_km": 7282.04638671875, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06210000440478325, "has_reported_fta": 0, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136, "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 12.5, "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1425276.586283, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 30116, "buyer_population_latest": 47326.687, "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 4.219593086678142, "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.4705637441098336, "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.7239057326687615, "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.381999999999998, "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 22.082, "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient", "attention_trade_share_pct": 17.431359343408385, "critical_trade_share_pct": 0.9542663579869458, "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "declining_buyer_demand", "concentrated_buyer_markets" ], "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure", "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 1425276.586283, "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 30116, "buyer_population_2024": 47326.687 }, "history": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 433476825.0419058, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 502737741.2244885, "yoy_growth_pct": 15.977997480231366, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 505459810.76386154, "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5414492122161052, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 562147984.7867922, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.215169399375636, "cagr_3y_pct": 9.050649892618745 }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 615372991.3478123, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.468148601690164, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.9708993739878045 }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 672898146.5878882, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.348014301713548, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.007146750352526 }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 752933399.3084732, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.894111036926658, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.230548411626694 }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 840099358.8994744, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.576848585951716, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.933847045033907 }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1081052246.3915844, "yoy_growth_pct": 28.6814749874059, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.12037398458961 }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1399129379.7289543, "yoy_growth_pct": 29.422919604401287, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.9420464480693 }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1741369016.6111567, "yoy_growth_pct": 24.46089988822211, "cagr_3y_pct": 27.502897212394405 }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 2076475876.0389762, "yoy_growth_pct": 19.24387399977774, "cagr_3y_pct": 24.306375087948084 }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 2602995879.975687, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.356422870709427, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.990585263959073 }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3055542818.2809, "yoy_growth_pct": 17.3856186936969, "cagr_3y_pct": 20.614407287294533 }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 2289134874.1118164, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.08254636733507, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.3034511429720803 }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 2811916904.7868123, "yoy_growth_pct": 22.837537297920683, "cagr_3y_pct": 2.606845010689973 }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3486604459.796245, "yoy_growth_pct": 23.99386531874008, "cagr_3y_pct": 4.4972277714439235 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3170989229.3488784, "yoy_growth_pct": -9.052223562686867, "cagr_3y_pct": 11.474225006450833 }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3134178370.369506, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1608635765354203, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.6828855850902675 }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3220124116.4340215, "yoy_growth_pct": 2.7422097886018904, "cagr_3y_pct": -2.615469077820076 }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3181823708.707659, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1894078098075522, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.11376221923655727 }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3507455256.9387035, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.23411659608584, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.8220205771351434 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3917560306.2118583, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.69238149116385, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.753230536351351 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 4309372931.652242, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.00144464449233, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.640124367453762 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 4352191045.374578, "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9936042761079955, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.457963022939174 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 3366629376.1201363, "yoy_growth_pct": -22.64518397697356, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.9264145136098225 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 4569915875.729347, "yoy_growth_pct": 35.74157904473392, "cagr_3y_pct": 1.9760162579558038 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 5294238717.559585, "yoy_growth_pct": 15.849806900759145, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.749337783377518 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 5523433047.977601, "yoy_growth_pct": 4.32912723897092, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.942753281766 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 5538265766.334788, "yoy_growth_pct": 0.2685416520549433, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.615871759390579 } ], "riskLanes": [ { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "271019", "hs_description": "", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 8083826798.971087, "current_below_peak_pct": 27.20328255254514, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1216606971872516, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "851712", "hs_description": "Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 5888635368.887786, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.8413099165910927, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "030743", "hs_description": "Molluscs: cuttle fish and squid, whether in shell or not, frozen", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1171806432.9187858, "current_below_peak_pct": 23.697541109616935, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.470016668562359, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "293399", "hs_description": "Heterocyclic compounds: n.e.c. in headings no. 2933", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 629248690.1987181, "current_below_peak_pct": 21.862894062383916, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5071295561825069, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "300490", "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11921483485.65438, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0062886017465822, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "721049", "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1245649561.1355433, "current_below_peak_pct": 25.811138386666787, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9881415108809914, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "610910", "hs_description": "T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of cotton, knitted or crocheted", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1522830031.4626338, "current_below_peak_pct": 30.206401282330926, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5918806090512048, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "760120", "hs_description": "Aluminium: unwrought, alloys", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1372737695.0083842, "current_below_peak_pct": 50.45024421549176, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.4969196960901292, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "630532", "hs_description": "Sacks and bags: of a kind used for the packing of goods, of man-made textile materials, flexible intermediate bulk containers", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 93937264.40094504, "current_below_peak_pct": 18.474473650485123, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9644533798416772, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": [ "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "293339", "hs_description": "Heterocyclic compounds: containing an unfused pyridine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, other than pyridine and its salts, other than piperidine and its salts", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 371306846.82155865, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.939735616021466, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] } ], "accessProfile": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "distance_km": 7286, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "shares_ethnic_language": 0, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 0, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 1, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804, "importer_population": 47326.687, "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136, "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474 }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-29", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-29" } ] }, "links": { "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/IND-ESP/risk", "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/IND-ESP/risk/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/IND-ESP/risk/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/IND-ESP/risk/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/IND-ESP/risk/index.ld.json", "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/", "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors", "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact", "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" } }