{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:15.840Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Hong Kong exports to The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Hong Kong to The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "HKG",
    "country_name": "Hong Kong"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "MKD",
    "country_name": "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "importer_iso3": "MKD",
    "all_history_lane_count": 11,
    "current_lane_count": 8,
    "current_product_count": 8,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2012,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 874937.445027163,
    "attention_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 718835.4696301594,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 508634.4662937937,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 580632.0855268601,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 874937.445027163,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 5,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 4,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 4,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 8,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.6529358763046653,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 45.069227044385826,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 2941.5569341339597,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 46.88119086979869,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 82.48055314227177,
    "top_product_hs6": "853400",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 410181.09359452425,
    "top_product_description": "Circuits: printed",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "",
    "distance_km": 8593.603515625,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 10.514200170634922,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 10.514200170634922,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 15,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 13879.269152,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 6721,
    "buyer_population_latest": 2065.092,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 6.102292619107685,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 6.699259143923331,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.5594851638195619,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 27.060000000000002,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 15.984,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Stable",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 13879.269152,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 6721,
    "buyer_population_2024": 2065.092
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 613849.7617314906,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1807390.4030514425,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 194.43530253287432,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1190121.239582492,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.15250863492504,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1576353.0097555672,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.453144883673325,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 36.94004394452257
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1038431.6048342856,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.12442527734907,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.866644825845235
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1463453.2985437969,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.92919473279484,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.13446880851174
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1311677.6392034388,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.37106271114916,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.942980726583736
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1383775.4123349383,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.496607624971284,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.04303776601423
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 1893784.345228831,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.85633726020035,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.972576203408856
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2838940.263635322,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.908318272231014,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.35296255818336
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2092237.168569362,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.302177070460473,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.775299445656543
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2933402.334481002,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.20410202763078,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.703644021855979
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 8081597.817736502,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 175.50253583494046,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 41.72517215378455
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 9558354.388770396,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.273076739761663,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 65.92967854118068
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2163821.528783282,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -77.36198679423896,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.64546925737385
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2104859.5262298635,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.7249013732926763,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -36.138081511914486
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3123543.0156794107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.396744616690434,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -31.120795791074197
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3466686.5834585377,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.98571609408392,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.012173762368764
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3034873.162520075,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.456084810172374,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.972431451965072
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 4501212.665271429,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.31633561693056,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.952023004647174
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3692666.958130987,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.962841733266256,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.127300752587602
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 2531617.4169247346,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.442032394762943,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.864700239419385
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3375945.4571563555,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.35132846641824,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.143647777871667
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 4125005.068902243,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.188143180987275,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.759558560141052
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 4510729.086466237,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.35087378369317,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.231707795352726
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 8109470.376656921,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 79.78180957460212,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 33.9262443090248
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 10263124.162508253,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.55726805600791,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 35.503869982972056
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 6884761.747999255,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.91748556302514,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.13677408648968
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 5404690.266928028,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.497787944533332,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.65069787314519
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "export_value_usd": 3939010.184993779,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.118669332504176,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.32765511728803
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "853400",
      "hs_description": "Circuits: printed",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 41019303.331482045,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 70.42078709511632,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.4316892591887942,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "853690",
      "hs_description": "Electrical apparatus: n.e.s. in heading no. 8536, for switching or protecting electrical circuits, for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 76955369.3275229,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.2638619461982294,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "852872",
      "hs_description": "Reception apparatus for television, whether or not incorporating radio-broadcast receivers or sound or video recording or reproducing apparatus: incorporating a colour video display or screen",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 22278395.661767595,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9976103783226515,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "850110",
      "hs_description": "Electric motors: of an output not exceeding 37.5W",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 17115748.068617854,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 82.46922272275373,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.4631684671752074,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "401699",
      "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), articles n.e.s. in heading no. 4016, of non-cellular rubber",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 13595902.540270422,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 46.76526436248376,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 2.740193339219635,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "851762",
      "hs_description": "Communication apparatus (excluding telephone sets or base stations): machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or other data, including switching and routing apparatus",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 28874451.066962123,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 96.72398013378724,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.8366315213596514,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "950300",
      "hs_description": "Tricycles, scooters, pedal cars and similar wheeled toys: dolls' carriages: dolls: other toys: reduced-size (scale) models and similar recreational models, working or not: puzzles of all kinds",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12058692.960433071,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 88.5573984714734,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9462686252640302,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": "760421",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: alloys, hollow profiles",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11611493.573202962,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6900243974983415,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "importer_iso3": "MKD",
    "distance_km": 8605,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13879.269152,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6720.896285492366,
    "importer_population": 2065.092,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 15,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.1,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 10.514200170634922,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 10.514200170634922,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/HKG-MKD/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/HKG-MKD/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/HKG-MKD/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/HKG-MKD/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/HKG-MKD/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}