{ "template": "Corridor pair risk profile", "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile", "source": "api", "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:13.174Z", "seo": { "title": "Greece exports to Spain: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks", "description": "Understand reported exports from Greece to Spain, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning." }, "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "email": "support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "exporter": { "iso3": "GRC", "country_name": "Greece" }, "importer": { "iso3": "ESP", "country_name": "Spain" }, "latestYear": 2024, "risk": { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "all_history_lane_count": 865, "current_lane_count": 676, "current_product_count": 676, "first_observed_last_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "current_trade_usd": 1385008335.3394535, "attention_trade_usd": 526245060.1214338, "critical_trade_usd": 20820144.98865938, "high_volatility_trade_usd": 881154297.0819292, "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 335101088.55285877, "declining_demand_trade_usd": 454710.6471633603, "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 346661970.6084438, "access_friction_trade_usd": 0, "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0, "critical_lane_count": 1, "high_attention_lane_count": 41, "high_volatility_lane_count": 479, "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 271, "declining_demand_lane_count": 1, "concentrated_market_lane_count": 205, "access_friction_lane_count": 0, "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1913836403393339, "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 24.132093374177273, "product_concentration_hhi": 410.6193315143534, "top1_product_share_pct": 10.033356658931337, "top3_product_share_pct": 27.549047625392454, "top_product_hs6": "300490", "top_product_trade_usd": 138962826.04053512, "top_product_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale", "top_attention_product_hs6": "271019", "top_attention_product_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "distance_km": 2372.9033203125, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "common_spoken_language_score": 0.14944511651992798, "has_reported_fta": 1, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 12.5, "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1425276.586283, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 30116, "buyer_population_latest": 47326.687, "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 4.219593086678142, "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.4705637441098336, "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.7239057326687615, "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.381999999999998, "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 22.082, "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient", "attention_trade_share_pct": 37.995804551779514, "critical_trade_share_pct": 1.5032505189621506, "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "declining_buyer_demand", "concentrated_buyer_markets" ], "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure", "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 1425276.586283, "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 30116, "buyer_population_2024": 47326.687 }, "history": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 350779500.6948555, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 387241456.4185036, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.394551463646229, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 230019857.8165422, "yoy_growth_pct": -40.600404733538454, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 241994432.21407273, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.205887226954609, "cagr_3y_pct": -11.639725556192971 }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 310808315.15228605, "yoy_growth_pct": 28.436143058588748, "cagr_3y_pct": -7.066934853086925 }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 314400463.10382426, "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1557438383777319, "cagr_3y_pct": 10.978610290227287 }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 336741960.9855126, "yoy_growth_pct": 7.106063922784545, "cagr_3y_pct": 11.642774515530597 }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 337194572.7418302, "yoy_growth_pct": 0.13440907542172642, "cagr_3y_pct": 2.753348217995044 }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 492941904.57290953, "yoy_growth_pct": 46.189157365330956, "cagr_3y_pct": 16.17272787144057 }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 510021613.7885287, "yoy_growth_pct": 3.4648523603237225, "cagr_3y_pct": 14.84103947321811 }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 614568668.9052773, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.49855384366066, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.150883729846726 }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 806727362.6040388, "yoy_growth_pct": 31.26724537406882, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.844779906314457 }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 908608430.25183, "yoy_growth_pct": 12.628934181546647, "cagr_3y_pct": 21.226079544210876 }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 667539711.6308888, "yoy_growth_pct": -26.531640098708586, "cagr_3y_pct": 2.7942676930938104 }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 486102391.9222437, "yoy_growth_pct": -27.18000390798766, "cagr_3y_pct": -15.536905228258934 }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 608795079.5667993, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.24009132301932, "cagr_3y_pct": -12.495284479404866 }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 760807694.8302524, "yoy_growth_pct": 24.969422448621103, "cagr_3y_pct": 4.455808893485003 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1126398254.6425776, "yoy_growth_pct": 48.05295244731902, "cagr_3y_pct": 32.328910524267805 }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1251376005.2748969, "yoy_growth_pct": 11.095343065137865, "cagr_3y_pct": 27.14683769608104 }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 777409584.1129789, "yoy_growth_pct": -37.87562005056978, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7221524163469439 }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 676317629.3754891, "yoy_growth_pct": -13.003692879968199, "cagr_3y_pct": -15.63682556174002 }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 648993442.0445985, "yoy_growth_pct": -4.040141221236803, "cagr_3y_pct": -19.656484939902484 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 687488616.4912939, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.931519789386419, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.01459382270255 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1101957740.2559288, "yoy_growth_pct": 60.28741623096876, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.671532766011854 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1034289785.2139626, "yoy_growth_pct": -6.140703274723613, "cagr_3y_pct": 16.80658019642309 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1132479953.9490657, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.493487235281028, "cagr_3y_pct": 18.101388599415813 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1255565434.9848018, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.868667529745245, "cagr_3y_pct": 4.445917794597509 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1943378896.1141214, "yoy_growth_pct": 54.78117204920072, "cagr_3y_pct": 23.397136632462434 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 2047724095.1490302, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.3692668600833215, "cagr_3y_pct": 21.82796010735377 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "export_value_usd": 1480818570.4723723, "yoy_growth_pct": -27.684663476863534, "cagr_3y_pct": 5.654378645500047 } ], "riskLanes": [ { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "300490", "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11921483485.65438, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.110822003080155, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "271019", "hs_description": "", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 8083826798.971087, "current_below_peak_pct": 75.17198424321765, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1729724942183015, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "030285", "hs_description": "Fish: fresh or chilled, seabream (Sparidae), excluding fillets, livers, roes, and other fish meat of heading 0304", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 184472248.81111285, "current_below_peak_pct": 12.846592087523181, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7238106642950017, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": [ "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "760612", "hs_description": "Aluminium: plates, sheets and strip, thickness exceeding 0.2mm, alloys, rectangular (including square)", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1041548936.9615968, "current_below_peak_pct": 1.600860825430843, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.7425210766646089, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "030284", "hs_description": "Fish: fresh or chilled, seabass (Dicentrarchus spp.), excluding fillets, fish meat of 0304, and edible fish offal of subheadings 0302.91 to 0302.99", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 117821114.04651801, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7975651752360571, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": [ "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "847130", "hs_description": "Data processing machines: portable, digital and automatic, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 2306202694.8052974, "current_below_peak_pct": 64.2530771856589, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5653155278232438, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "961900", "hs_description": "Sanitary towels (pads) and tampons, napkins and napkin liners for babies and similar articles, of any material", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 382664984.5059322, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.571521333846463, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "741110", "hs_description": "Copper: tubes and pipes, of refined copper", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 160723065.6338176, "current_below_peak_pct": 11.95435416888465, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5965727275456765, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "081050", "hs_description": "Fruit, edible: kiwifruit, fresh", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 318513492.2571515, "current_below_peak_pct": 2.333460166670499, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.3881902390600105, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": "151000", "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: oils and their fractions n.e.s. in chapter 15, obtained solely from olives, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified, including blends of these oils or fractions with oils or fractions of heading no. 1509", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 189852912.4175643, "current_below_peak_pct": 43.028975445967504, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8763345166844624, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": [] } ], "accessProfile": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "GRC", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "distance_km": 2378, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "shares_ethnic_language": 0, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 1, "rta_coverage_ratio": 2, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 1, "importer_is_eu": 1, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804, "importer_population": 47326.687, "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 216240.589485, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 20276.544674383436, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0 }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-29", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-29" } ] }, "links": { "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/GRC-ESP/risk", "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/GRC-ESP/risk/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/GRC-ESP/risk/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/GRC-ESP/risk/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/GRC-ESP/risk/index.ld.json", "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/", "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors", "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact", "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" } }