{ "template": "Corridor pair risk profile", "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile", "source": "api", "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:15.265Z", "seo": { "title": "Spain exports to Sierra Leone: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks", "description": "Understand reported exports from Spain to Sierra Leone, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning." }, "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "email": "support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "exporter": { "iso3": "ESP", "country_name": "Spain" }, "importer": { "iso3": "SLE", "country_name": "Sierra Leone" }, "latestYear": 2024, "risk": { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "all_history_lane_count": 20, "current_lane_count": 12, "current_product_count": 12, "first_observed_last_year": 1996, "latest_data_year": 2024, "current_trade_usd": 59304903.47699998, "attention_trade_usd": 57655386.444999985, "critical_trade_usd": 0, "high_volatility_trade_usd": 53949017.947999984, "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 361058.61899999995, "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0, "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 58430266.54599998, "access_friction_trade_usd": 0, "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 59304903.47699998, "critical_lane_count": 0, "high_attention_lane_count": 2, "high_volatility_lane_count": 8, "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 8, "declining_demand_lane_count": 0, "concentrated_market_lane_count": 10, "access_friction_lane_count": 0, "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 3.0229338655673565, "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 0.5478534312062385, "product_concentration_hhi": 7916.147921415187, "top1_product_share_pct": 88.53321548590436, "top3_product_share_pct": 98.59230851235806, "top_product_hs6": "271019", "top_product_trade_usd": 52504537.988999985, "top_product_description": "", "top_attention_product_hs6": "271019", "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "distance_km": 3676.6708984375, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "common_spoken_language_score": 0.22679999470710754, "has_reported_fta": 0, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 14.364463884242426, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 14.364463884242426, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8, "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4200.380124, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 516, "buyer_population_latest": 8141.343, "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 1.3359248335903962, "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -0.8943008014061671, "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 2.2503505378913546, "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 16.822, "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": -11.702, "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend weakened", "attention_trade_share_pct": 97.21858238477746, "critical_trade_share_pct": 0, "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_product_mix", "concentrated_buyer_markets", "buyer_macro_weakness" ], "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure", "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 4200.380124, "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 516, "buyer_population_2024": 8141.343 }, "history": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 3013875.3651921037, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 5516447.03088834, "yoy_growth_pct": 83.03500850098105, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 2855051.8957487424, "yoy_growth_pct": -48.24473289125412, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 1321730.3138821458, "yoy_growth_pct": -53.70555905305112, "cagr_3y_pct": -24.024683026339954 }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 1593758.5005469185, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.5812171974614, "cagr_3y_pct": -33.8919489318801 }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 2947094.8665995365, "yoy_growth_pct": 84.914770060094, "cagr_3y_pct": 1.0632754894913443 }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 3141782.6592168133, "yoy_growth_pct": 6.606091810064951, "cagr_3y_pct": 33.45794376137532 }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 8192230.238104271, "yoy_growth_pct": 160.7510170721497, "cagr_3y_pct": 72.58109164538314 }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 7997096.218433103, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.3819401310713584, "cagr_3y_pct": 39.48025578293928 }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 5953403.390829392, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.555436270643472, "cagr_3y_pct": 23.74558811952998 }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 3752075.565234061, "yoy_growth_pct": -36.97595612261468, "cagr_3y_pct": -22.91737859013314 }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 3544899.266499999, "yoy_growth_pct": -5.52164515698228, "cagr_3y_pct": -23.752807159867583 }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 4637241.132500001, "yoy_growth_pct": 30.81446844830964, "cagr_3y_pct": -7.990757270334459 }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 11009690.992999999, "yoy_growth_pct": 137.4189885412433, "cagr_3y_pct": 43.1642287059133 }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 15300669.687, "yoy_growth_pct": 38.974560655046744, "cagr_3y_pct": 62.817911761949574 }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 18358393.09904944, "yoy_growth_pct": 19.9842456219246, "cagr_3y_pct": 58.19460260322751 }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 24089323.435999975, "yoy_growth_pct": 31.21694968633866, "cagr_3y_pct": 29.822457006193147 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 22297111.407100957, "yoy_growth_pct": -7.439860374910612, "cagr_3y_pct": 13.373804715888692 }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 18888101.083159946, "yoy_growth_pct": -15.28902224911225, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.9526858322183696 }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 24641557.638808705, "yoy_growth_pct": 30.46074632022362, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7583819637429823 }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 22351609.67840197, "yoy_growth_pct": -9.293032502134647, "cagr_3y_pct": 0.08140655413415576 }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 14003048.329573894, "yoy_growth_pct": -37.35105197768001, "cagr_3y_pct": -9.49384886480036 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 18164409.222721353, "yoy_growth_pct": 29.717535747975866, "cagr_3y_pct": -9.66604182547206 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 21045824.53622274, "yoy_growth_pct": 15.862972905813555, "cagr_3y_pct": -1.9865416111130574 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 17580942.013250366, "yoy_growth_pct": -16.46351520706085, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.8797301062279335 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 14757748.708198505, "yoy_growth_pct": -16.05825957974313, "cagr_3y_pct": -6.688978346007069 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 19900214.302243598, "yoy_growth_pct": 34.845867724988786, "cagr_3y_pct": -1.8484258152084987 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 15530361.552999994, "yoy_growth_pct": -21.95882256780992, "cagr_3y_pct": -4.049669507972887 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 16548088.321999997, "yoy_growth_pct": 6.553142794047884, "cagr_3y_pct": 3.890516737313021 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "export_value_usd": 80745343.1143124, "yoy_growth_pct": 387.94363157323016, "cagr_3y_pct": 59.49726623005582 } ], "riskLanes": [ { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "271019", "hs_description": "", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 85564006.94070351, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 3.2739634129112893, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "850213", "hs_description": "Electric generating sets: with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of an output exceeding 375kVA", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 28109245.533267945, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9997231470128901, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": [ "concentrated_buyer_market", "buyer_macro_weakness", "limited_history" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "210390", "hs_description": "Sauces and preparations therefor: mixed condiments and mixed seasonings", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 19604730.52131355, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5524034319027962, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "853720", "hs_description": "Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than switching apparatus of heading no. 8517), for a voltage exceeding 1000 volts", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 16324325.783672215, "current_below_peak_pct": 0, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1138907129051754, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "730890", "hs_description": "Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.s. in heading no. 7308", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 30054209.818979662, "current_below_peak_pct": 86.73788340248319, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8076623494457934, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "854449", "hs_description": "Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 80 volts, not fitted with connectors", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 15293565.205414, "current_below_peak_pct": 84.47137796158515, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9465630817577224, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "020714", "hs_description": "Meat and edible offal: of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, cuts and offal, frozen", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 30240271.835, "current_below_peak_pct": 96.15217513601398, "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8383383489678901, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "unrecovered_drawdown", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "842952", "hs_description": "Mechanical shovels, excavators and shovel loaders: with a 360 degree revolving super structure", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 17301322.74074695, "current_below_peak_pct": 92.0545120548326, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0755851360934217, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "854140", "hs_description": "Electrical apparatus: photosensitive, including photovoltaic cells, whether or not assembled in modules or made up into panels, light emitting diodes", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12555719.486978533, "current_below_peak_pct": 87.32615549978715, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5103595399750298, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] }, { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "hs_code": "870410", "hs_description": "Vehicles: dumpers, designed for off-highway use, for transport of goods", "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 26152015.524563134, "current_below_peak_pct": 97.09689126704033, "lane_volatility_cv": 2.5639984010931127, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": [ "high_volatility", "unrecovered_drawdown", "concentrated_buyer_market", "dominant_supplier", "buyer_macro_weakness" ] } ], "accessProfile": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "SLE", "distance_km": 3662, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 0, "shares_ethnic_language": 0, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 0, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 1, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4200.380123999999, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 515.9320917937002, "importer_population": 8141.343, "importer_biz_entry_days": 8, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.6, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 14.364463884242426, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 14.364463884242426, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-29", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-29" } ] }, "links": { "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SLE/risk", "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SLE/risk/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SLE/risk/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SLE/risk/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SLE/risk/index.ld.json", "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/", "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors", "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact", "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" } }