{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:20.733Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Spain exports to Sudan: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Spain to Sudan, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "ESP",
    "country_name": "Spain"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "SDN",
    "country_name": "Sudan"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "importer_iso3": "SDN",
    "all_history_lane_count": 28,
    "current_lane_count": 8,
    "current_product_count": 8,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2012,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 2804911.729,
    "attention_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 297952.253,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 1589649.6379999993,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 298334.121,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 3,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 5,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 4,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6178451988160539,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 61.289044684491024,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 3617.273410328368,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 47.22039589717155,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 88.44674170493299,
    "top_product_hs6": "230990",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 1324490.4229999995,
    "top_product_description": "Dog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "",
    "distance_km": 4459.1552734375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.2768240745679,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 9.2768240745679,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 34.5,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 34326.058557,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 764,
    "buyer_population_latest": 44909.351,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 8.963299846148697,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 6.75887703740905,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 2.064861974623877,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.215999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 20.823999999999998,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Stable",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 34326.058557,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 764,
    "buyer_population_2024": 44909.351
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 34984449.48218095,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 38944557.12325149,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.31962257427428,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 29812051.845260248,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.450017030849136,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 32880494.226359658,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.292623926142985,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.0462430937934983
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 35425329.335375816,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.73964981030002,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.1077497183188085
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 32770635.338496078,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.493773654854219,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.204269577652319
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 39789688.34578475,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.418727268443604,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.564053911839762
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 28193830.42485926,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.142871942483907,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.328385560575235
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 41367195.331000015,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 46.72428225476395,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.074625318748186
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 33398393.78567562,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.263577048339762,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.669598888374305
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 38102612.98100002,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.085165967897574,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.560558886546323
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 16027700.685500009,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.93542901246098,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.098178069581124
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "export_value_usd": 8546735.5145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.675223837739324,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -36.51201241675671
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "230990",
      "hs_description": "Dog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 10132684.587750297,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 73.18767200966603,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6558138888124673,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 142290849.1180295,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 48.56981521290618,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.40637600682725156,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "847420",
      "hs_description": "Machines: for crushing or grinding earth, stone, ores or other mineral substances",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 19707360.852999996,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0930365524524817,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "210690",
      "hs_description": "Food preparations: n.e.s. in item no. 2106.10",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 51089127.43128726,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 96.59216757545715,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0868022498653438,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "300420",
      "hs_description": "Medicaments: containing antibiotics (other than penicillins, streptomycins or their derivatives), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 24578538.57198418,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 82.44770560672067,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7159654059872846,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "220210",
      "hs_description": "Waters: including mineral and aerated, containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavoured",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 23061103.900000002,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 16.21260438065298,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0523589155111277,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "380891",
      "hs_description": "Insecticides: not containing substances of 3808.50: put up in forms or packings for retail sale or as preparations or articles",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12417877.177150257,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 97.49497020180374,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9747387418039168,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "hs_code": "850211",
      "hs_description": "Electric generating sets: with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of an output not exceeding 75kVA",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11678788.130036779,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 84.79545169574465,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7114623406545627,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "importer_iso3": "SDN",
    "distance_km": 4453,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 0,
    "exporter_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 34326.058557,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 764.341006776072,
    "importer_population": 44909.351,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 34.5,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 17.8,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.2768240745679,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 9.2768240745679,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SDN/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SDN/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SDN/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SDN/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-SDN/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}