{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:20.755Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Spain exports to State of Palestine: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Spain to State of Palestine, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "ESP",
    "country_name": "Spain"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "PSE",
    "country_name": "State of Palestine"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "importer_iso3": "PSE",
    "all_history_lane_count": 17,
    "current_lane_count": 5,
    "current_product_count": 5,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2015,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 567701.1543315114,
    "attention_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 141808.7922320273,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 567701.1543315114,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 567701.1543315114,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 567701.1543315114,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 1,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 5,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 5,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9113024069821459,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 85.69094081301947,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 2955.546158331501,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 38.30988294270222,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 92.08530085284035,
    "top_product_hs6": "690721",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 217485.64768877125,
    "top_product_description": "Ceramic tiles: flags and paving, hearth or wall tiles other than those of subheadings 6907.30 and 6907.40, of a water absorption coefficient by weight not over 0.5%",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "",
    "distance_km": null,
    "shares_land_border": null,
    "shares_official_language": null,
    "common_spoken_language_score": null,
    "has_reported_fta": null,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.7050180900846561,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 3.891482408994709,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.6291859921957671,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.2622964167989417,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": null,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": null,
    "buyer_population_latest": null,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": -4.358750371462339,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -6.649720132159532,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 2.454164855146246,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": null,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": null,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer economy and income contracted",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Stable",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": null,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": null,
    "buyer_population_2024": null
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 5990024.938613141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 861464.0669999999,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -85.61835591957563,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 826402.1900000001,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.070033602457834,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 2644730.613,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 220.02947777764237,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.853326237178596
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 1265663.8368690247,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.14394121474084,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.68253119118985
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 7469622.0044854805,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 490.1742458695581,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 108.30629216803915
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 1842373.134567372,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.3351222664141,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.352726371794375
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 4186674.624253603,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 127.24357762830287,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 48.999088938926974
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 7251295.737543414,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 73.19940975437444,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.9839347314932634
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 7962356.192289057,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.805977862192883,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 62.88759203169385
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 24035831.61989471,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 201.86832941700854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 79.05920320840927
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 43895019.279633865,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.62326003025207,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 82.24958250097967
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 52082085.514401235,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.6514697319337,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 87.0175033226143
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 67305402.78877547,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.22946945003735,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 40.94951686061192
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 62211435.54070563,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.568437357185487,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.327215425765292
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 52313596.31014654,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.909999736435632,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.1479514548797134
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 50423503.66498242,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.613004607747683,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.177309348634289
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 51023904.412266664,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1907160424101892,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.394545756344582
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 69354256.63323058,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.9250285373244,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.854920671392996
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 110020804.97003055,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.63598041553355,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.702177208478496
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 94649525.08074963,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.971248341136954,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.870676747473095
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 132119938.6794704,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.588591244122064,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 23.96480857312191
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 90883409.41796787,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.21143536218589,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.171105907311203
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 56077932.98662086,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.29684279479274,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.010592147191726
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "export_value_usd": 7177327.949010336,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -87.2011545954757,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -62.12684583194559
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "hs_code": "690721",
      "hs_description": "Ceramic tiles: flags and paving, hearth or wall tiles other than those of subheadings 6907.30 and 6907.40, of a water absorption coefficient by weight not over 0.5%",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 15661883.229453549,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 98.92580714484708,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7988342605163194,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "hs_code": "190531",
      "hs_description": "Food preparations: sweet biscuits, whether or not containing cocoa",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 12151456.48411798,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 58.14799525963902,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9802282899971758,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 41989391.74465979,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 96.35467916883184,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.044925002640343,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "hs_code": "170490",
      "hs_description": "Sugar confectionery: (excluding chewing gum, including white chocolate), not containing cocoa",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 16697727.787685405,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 96.35679896646488,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7550164783254895,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PSE",
      "hs_code": "680221",
      "hs_description": "Marble, travertine and alabaster: simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 14825317.760456514,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 71.98137274229461,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8390358781449054,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "importer_iso3": "PSE",
    "distance_km": 3551,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": null,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 1,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 1,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 0,
    "exporter_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 18036.8,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3663.9690546887523,
    "importer_population": 4922.749,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 43.5,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 40.3,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.7050180900846561,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 3.891482408994709,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.6291859921957671,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.2622964167989417
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-PSE/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-PSE/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-PSE/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-PSE/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/ESP-PSE/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}