{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:47:57.042Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Germany exports to Eswatini: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Germany to Eswatini, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "DEU",
    "country_name": "Germany"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "SWZ",
    "country_name": "Eswatini"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
    "all_history_lane_count": 6,
    "current_lane_count": 3,
    "current_product_count": 3,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2002,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 2518522.999764276,
    "attention_trade_usd": 2150844.868580369,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 367678.13118390704,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 367678.13118390704,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 2518522.999764276,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 2518522.999764276,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 1,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 0,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 2,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 2,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 3,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7455166914813535,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 19.556298538701736,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 7404.482794644458,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 85.40104135565485,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 100,
    "top_product_hs6": "330210",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 2150844.868580369,
    "top_product_description": "Odoriferous substances and mixtures: of a kind used in the food or drink industries",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "330210",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
    "distance_km": 8976.361328125,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": null,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 21.5,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4941.373182,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 4215,
    "buyer_population_latest": 1172.369,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 1.026430242925347,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -0.018339043456572224,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 1.0449609222195733,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 16.651999999999997,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 11.422,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend weakened",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 85.40104135565485,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 4941.373182,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 4215,
    "buyer_population_2024": 1172.369
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 1570174.224273851,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 2439404.345266025,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 55.358832641273416,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 2550321.1199973896,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.54687944401726,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 5096844.002718865,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 99.85106827347616,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 48.06457552075554
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 12074353.534471536,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 136.89862840672743,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 70.422408315327
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 6764117.84081604,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.979461745054095,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.42209964983163
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 8673171.527825711,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.223247021068442,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.38750180768878
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 8497960.785742735,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.020146165919301,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.049113988495362
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 6943950.596841002,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.28685996655739,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.8784697685211507
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 5389427.209752128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.386728785139542,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.666107105299563
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 7278677.080558599,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.05474324595919,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.031573322110672
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 6886877.064789319,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.382846517752249,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.2747264924326309
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 5243786.406458073,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.858283556881098,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.9090190841244072
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 8151843.694983536,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 55.45720330912023,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.8487158306193203
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 10338088.569797693,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.819023482497872,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.500128127294731
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 10892801.654069223,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.36572191780309,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 27.594376518039066
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 7770297.786588096,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.66575530010366,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.585156464156634
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 10893983.206915036,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.2003308768754,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.7611839000891916
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 9658284.088401228,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.342950462136193,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.9302206347901825
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 10131203.415293407,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.896514976817823,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.246565073429469
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 12856253.093719997,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.897591201387105,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.675887539957536
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 12091827.858572626,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.9459410885491675,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.778133965028755
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 15580593.273030771,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.85225836211973,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.42706471292119
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 15925699.508767543,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.214974935095282,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.397630867061911
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "export_value_usd": 20425003.011341896,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.251842250931336,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.094048174705634
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "hs_code": "330210",
      "hs_description": "Odoriferous substances and mixtures: of a kind used in the food or drink industries",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 21545778.41026596,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 11.113168909046124,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7527568007369365,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "hs_code": "100199",
      "hs_description": "Cereals: wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, other than seed",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 21114142.59360021,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 69.61265614984096,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6247608183150886,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 20225214.091071673,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 67.93302858483136,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.822576405128755,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "importer_iso3": "SWZ",
    "distance_km": 8902,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 1,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4941.373182,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4214.86168774507,
    "importer_population": 1172.369,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 21.5,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 10.7,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": null,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": null
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/DEU-SWZ/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/DEU-SWZ/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/DEU-SWZ/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/DEU-SWZ/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/DEU-SWZ/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}