{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:10.244Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Bahrain exports to Spain: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Bahrain to Spain, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "BHR",
    "country_name": "Bahrain"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "ESP",
    "country_name": "Spain"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "all_history_lane_count": 57,
    "current_lane_count": 20,
    "current_product_count": 20,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 244091517.93481958,
    "attention_trade_usd": 4811174.230497401,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 24184643.234154973,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 38170539.78402336,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 3532065.267133042,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 2,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 5,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 7,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 2,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9682584170809766,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 34.80501842621965,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 5252.801405277851,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 71.17316947706145,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 88.41593008145196,
    "top_product_hs6": "760120",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 173727669.738881,
    "top_product_description": "Aluminium: unwrought, alloys",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "720310",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
    "distance_km": 5210.13037109375,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9237216556979804,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6378997400239916,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.282513386844695,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1425276.586283,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 30116,
    "buyer_population_latest": 47326.687,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 4.219593086678142,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.4705637441098336,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.7239057326687615,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.381999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 22.082,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 1.9710534275026066,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets"
    ],
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains materially below historical peaks",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 1425276.586283,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 30116,
    "buyer_population_2024": 47326.687
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3830139.316582684,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 7898003.372730829,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 106.20668649143457,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 20013702.289217144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 153.40204789374718,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4772811.819262851,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -76.15227932198074,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.610152478600973
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2511935.2788368175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.36990742650357,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -31.74040452785878
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 16983547.957587067,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 576.1140743025636,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.325360034579274
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 28125315.89638262,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.60330012680411,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 80.6235467297624
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 50505456.66608944,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 79.57294009481784,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 171.92133617817254
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 23082860.69981232,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.29630336297762,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.769552940664928
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 16957133.05275925,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.537991658472716,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -15.52043422237782
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 98446916.31838293,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 480.5634479135242,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.916921166528596
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 44750696.51752894,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.54332325371916,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.691463664894542
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 189869149.82581773,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 324.2819991671986,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 123.71786150882565
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 141277575.39173758,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.59213778470969,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.795135923533607
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 50154510.97516449,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -64.49931219721535,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.8731735202045314
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 151252525.6032633,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 201.5731240568979,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.299357727583155
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 240068023.5530729,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.720009861371466,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.331113930402367
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 152839356.4159718,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.33497949709953,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 44.98010168242674
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 61225982.30971685,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.94095778375137,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -26.026237465681913
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 48558954.634658016,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.688974185798436,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -41.29906701410548
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 60175261.957457095,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.92207041975356,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -26.707264733509493
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 75048329.07002659,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.716248220214652,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.020856375863116
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 67030081.30755411,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.68411230713846,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.34399657809153
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 157974501.28725708,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 135.67702471137207,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 37.95041177213938
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 98319370.06887524,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.762506437609424,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.420665886131129
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 126786207.38231023,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.95343744929737,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 23.670871581003293
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 293064852.45000404,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 131.1488437904751,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.873693876899814
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 371973990.5591775,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.925486782020425,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.82046480884269
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 267008217.2346705,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.218578714795374,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 28.179194704127177
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 246188786.32479057,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.797299695680138,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.644292146960151
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760120",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: unwrought, alloys",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1372737695.0083842,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 31.17583313526671,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9319845742823745,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760612",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: plates, sheets and strip, thickness exceeding 0.2mm, alloys, rectangular (including square)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1041548936.9615968,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.6671723149423672,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 8083826798.971087,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 69.27446718974046,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.782128692895926,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760110",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: unwrought, (not alloyed)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 369877791.8037158,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 79.03337947551185,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.840742113716435,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "720310",
      "hs_description": "Ferrous products: obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 77088846.06817266,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760521",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: alloys, wire, maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeding 7mm",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 36201209.91998802,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 44.607464841795434,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9401644024322687,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "281810",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: artificial corundum",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 23125983.160745367,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 28.075750457871372,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9338445643678072,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "701912",
      "hs_description": "Glass fibres: (including glass wool), rovings",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 51620413.49651889,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 47.03800321426013,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7850333675230106,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": []
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760511",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: (not alloyed), wire, maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 7mm",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 141138301.9706489,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 92.56356222917603,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5233987601632146,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "760421",
      "hs_description": "Aluminium: alloys, hollow profiles",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 99325297.36891267,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 64.35818512043896,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.7884487581795968,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "BHR",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "distance_km": 5208,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
    "importer_population": 47326.687,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 38868.663032000004,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 22232.325226577894,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9237216556979804,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6378997400239916,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.282513386844695
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BHR-ESP/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BHR-ESP/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BHR-ESP/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BHR-ESP/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BHR-ESP/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}