{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:07.390Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Benin exports to the United States: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Benin to the United States, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "BEN",
    "country_name": "Benin"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "USA",
    "country_name": "United States"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "all_history_lane_count": 19,
    "current_lane_count": 9,
    "current_product_count": 9,
    "first_observed_last_year": 1996,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 46331430.79429792,
    "attention_trade_usd": 45567963.322103135,
    "critical_trade_usd": 0,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 11746964.010245683,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 428710.0264118515,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 0,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 16488492.042036636,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 46331430.79429792,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 0,
    "critical_lane_count": 0,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 4,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 3,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 3,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 0,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 5,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 9,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6546248998449765,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 4.722324262526441,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 4424.743299830965,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 60.939423266340775,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 95.48613586664618,
    "top_product_hs6": "230400",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 28234106.71708896,
    "top_product_description": "Oil-cake and other solid residues: whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "230400",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
    "distance_km": 8416.8310546875,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.002599999774247408,
    "has_reported_fta": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9937695116808078,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.5240757665959596,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.150399697101009,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 69288,
    "buyer_population_latest": 331893.738,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 6.1023377268677015,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 5.47830267128826,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.5916240968762754,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.094,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 17.618,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 98.35216081371537,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 0,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_product_mix",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "market_access_friction"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 69288,
    "buyer_population_2024": 331893.738
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 10249191.078940203,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 18754647.620329678,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.98661304955361,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 6769077.385990782,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.907200374944765,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 4027293.0952394125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.504549355954175,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -26.755579174605217
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 14598944.477969281,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 262.5001740058706,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.010657211524364
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 2267021.262477933,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -84.47133444545248,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -30.554831165235885
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 1098659.8329565267,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.53729472498845,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -35.14402342347353
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 726938.1633149821,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.83410028208916,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -63.21037699576547
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 854528.1159716414,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.551692715488176,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.763462464925183
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 1493461.0704614588,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 74.77026706878083,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.775457712428139
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 515044.5951360742,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -65.51335650303007,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.851141175952673
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 581717.6946220291,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.945111960322574,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.03120576715716
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 4986480.3269719165,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 757.1993551291027,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 49.4628988394862
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 30544238.138825763,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 512.5410336748289,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 289.96726655465056
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 390659.63455202966,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.721003834581,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.428641220914994
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 268950.18948331254,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.15485560935458,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -62.217335529265696
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 1960964.4666951024,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 629.1180833381691,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -59.958210730645554
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 2596479.1355136684,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.40827050219968,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 88.01626997917373
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 2850732.4602933116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.792234464820515,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 119.66533922990257
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 6608108.740040563,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 131.80389012586105,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 49.92330663884053
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 4988429.729588515,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.51047756883773,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.315803286509443
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 7523685.451466343,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.82272096247322,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.19470075952567
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 16451093.69292712,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 118.65738272884406,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 35.53117337292599
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 16996899.16715223,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3177458253718983,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 50.47647638560802
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 11764391.462244486,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.785072344371812,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.06811881878505
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 6300467.496343193,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.44459497490108,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.379483536213854
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 7459445.565096911,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.39511225835848,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.006061973221893
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 3084980.7264835327,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.64329728581572,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -35.992971959647804
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 11904216.666163297,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 285.8765328408557,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 23.625866646026196
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 48726779.77477399,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 309.3236971507385,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 86.93346406490086
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "230400",
      "hs_description": "Oil-cake and other solid residues: whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 345732220.8059143,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.609795653836055,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "080132",
      "hs_description": "Nuts, edible: cashew nuts, shelled, fresh or dried",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 955579113.6475987,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 16.41238276643385,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0155455897124666,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "880212",
      "hs_description": "Helicopters: of an unladen weight exceeding 2000kg",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 490905674.45706844,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "610610",
      "hs_description": "Blouses, shirts and shirt-blouses: women's or girls', of cotton, knitted or crocheted",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 986540734.9458549,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6996338268245643,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "200811",
      "hs_description": "Nuts: ground-nuts, whether or not containing added sugar, other sweetening matter or spirit",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 164767691.5262257,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 69.53614955096836,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.1088406648971274,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "120890",
      "hs_description": "Flours and meals of oil seeds or oleaginous fruits: excluding soya beans and mustard seeds",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 13369829.896579519,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6776459010719612,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "150710",
      "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: soya-bean oil and its fractions, crude, whether or not degummed, not chemically modified",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 63356770.4575963,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "long_distance_without_fta",
        "limited_history"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "010620",
      "hs_description": "Reptiles: live (including snakes and turtles)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 13113419.46389651,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 95.96665633277614,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.8892643722937341,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "080212",
      "hs_description": "Nuts, edible: almonds, fresh or dried, shelled",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 17349755.68876012,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 98.066660537342,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.5355091925605058,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "long_distance_without_fta"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "BEN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "distance_km": 8397,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 0,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
    "importer_population": 331893.738,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17785.640079,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 1428.44717670368,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9937695116808078,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.5240757665959596,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.150399697101009
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEN-USA/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEN-USA/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEN-USA/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEN-USA/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEN-USA/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}