{
  "template": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "pageType": "Corridor pair risk profile",
  "source": "api",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-29T11:48:02.626Z",
  "seo": {
    "title": "Belgium exports to South Africa: Trade Route Risk | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Understand reported exports from Belgium to South Africa, the product routes that need a closer look, and the conditions that may affect planning."
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "email": "support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "exporter": {
    "iso3": "BEL",
    "country_name": "Belgium"
  },
  "importer": {
    "iso3": "ZAF",
    "country_name": "South Africa"
  },
  "latestYear": 2024,
  "risk": {
    "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
    "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "all_history_lane_count": 657,
    "current_lane_count": 606,
    "current_product_count": 606,
    "first_observed_last_year": 2001,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "current_trade_usd": 1132420128.2378173,
    "attention_trade_usd": 771856495.5807992,
    "critical_trade_usd": 101378119.84453757,
    "high_volatility_trade_usd": 540707662.0178133,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_trade_usd": 335731599.4047591,
    "declining_demand_trade_usd": 1360536.732580896,
    "concentrated_market_trade_usd": 434691795.2939156,
    "access_friction_trade_usd": 0,
    "buyer_macro_weakness_trade_usd": 1132420128.2378173,
    "critical_lane_count": 4,
    "high_attention_lane_count": 101,
    "high_volatility_lane_count": 256,
    "unrecovered_drawdown_lane_count": 388,
    "declining_demand_lane_count": 2,
    "concentrated_market_lane_count": 227,
    "access_friction_lane_count": 0,
    "trade_weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9891088583103086,
    "trade_weighted_below_peak_pct": 37.400949704131186,
    "product_concentration_hhi": 358.9227051198471,
    "top1_product_share_pct": 16.092114212516417,
    "top3_product_share_pct": 23.06209971740226,
    "top_product_hs6": "271012",
    "top_product_trade_usd": 182230340.40155444,
    "top_product_description": "",
    "top_attention_product_hs6": "271012",
    "top_attention_product_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
    "distance_km": 9535.7275390625,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": null,
    "has_reported_fta": 1,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.824198576107072,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 11.33147539878788,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 8.401733979616163,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.9297414191717164,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 40,
    "buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 419946.428126,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 6994,
    "buyer_population_latest": 60041.996,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 0.5997022185294298,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -0.829491262325488,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 1.4411476748953822,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 19.936,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 19.216,
    "buyer_macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend weakened",
    "attention_trade_share_pct": 68.15990605729529,
    "critical_trade_share_pct": 8.952341742838339,
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "declining_buyer_demand",
      "concentrated_buyer_markets",
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure",
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2024": 419946.428126,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2024": 6994,
    "buyer_population_2024": 60041.996
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 513343579.8016176,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 469450438.6759591,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.550441235209583,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 466823318.71632886,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5596160410542561,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 594770644.172448,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.408083599583,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.030104299060345
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 774554639.0825442,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.22744929858534,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 18.16461294101055
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 962646391.198356,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.28385844265364,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 27.28329666486804
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1075270196.3232818,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.6993951418366,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.821149859652934
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1258173586.3798766,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.00999345857481,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.55185894317586
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1449657835.3895268,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.219223411024307,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.621540244100784
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1130738824.4443712,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.999605918003486,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.6907768859224959
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1160992449.1525111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.6755625661837534,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.6439502653862856
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1425838829.3991785,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.812067420420966,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.5507199552362896
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1320101807.7082534,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.415776559786968,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.2967678733314205
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1165969460.6410553,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.675792440188959,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.14269161024775823
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1127186041.7028692,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.32628085446276,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.535493762480339
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 975198724.3889756,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.483782773275156,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.601359418125611
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 868957151.8586948,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.894351056175545,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.335543556917525
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 953143958.3214533,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.688257502994645,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.437060085845335
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1041175811.3736624,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.235945135427247,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.206138858075457
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 968801169.9122341,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.951241151668874,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.6920429012683442
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 911436473.3402033,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.9212043042049185,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.4804011408892204
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1403779527.984577,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.01836211799278,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.473541903763394
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1524001583.6249144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.564169318877424,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.301037204204594
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1301233785.9466245,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.617294369762101,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.601188809919606
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "export_value_usd": 1235671415.6996288,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.038477401606989,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.162671607252955
    }
  ],
  "riskLanes": [
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "271012",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11192877591.131302,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 39.183292380029506,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.415578424569678,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "110710",
      "hs_description": "Malt: not roasted",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 75345341.76169124,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 21.561333191778008,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0192402568171994,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "380893",
      "hs_description": "Herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regulators: not containing substances of 3808.50: put up in forms or packings for retail sale or as preparations or articles",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 195595127.95054996,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 77.49469502196128,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0779398605555133,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "hs_description": "",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 2655165297.892476,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 35.011137217839575,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.649328176427021,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "381121",
      "hs_description": "Lubricating oil additives: containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 139048760.70952624,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 13.751201432552268,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5892752255052591,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "hs_description": "Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.s. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1421521846.6090708,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 51.58662229049121,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.32305749129667477,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "300220",
      "hs_description": "Vaccines: for human medicine",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 132097205.94721566,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 88.62885496497766,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.7546755092871644,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "180620",
      "hs_description": "Chocolate & other food preparations containing cocoa: in blocks, slabs or bars weighing more than 2kg or in liquid, paste, powder, granular or other bulk form in containers or immediate packings, content exceeding 2kg",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 27524517.84598334,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 1.0818789069382482,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "high_volatility",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "721049",
      "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 172099521.24199238,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 23.92672618942227,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.9711518434619851,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "hs_code": "710231",
      "hs_description": "Diamonds: non-industrial, unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted, but not mounted or set",
      "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 478481107.3276533,
      "current_below_peak_pct": 60.96180643750632,
      "lane_volatility_cv": 0.5061383044766057,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": [
        "unrecovered_drawdown",
        "concentrated_buyer_market",
        "dominant_supplier",
        "buyer_macro_weakness"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "accessProfile": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "BEL",
    "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "distance_km": 8847,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_colonial_history": 0,
    "has_fta": 1,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 1,
    "exporter_is_wto": 1,
    "importer_is_wto": 1,
    "exporter_is_eu": 1,
    "importer_is_eu": 0,
    "importer_gdp_million_usd": 419946.428126,
    "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6994.21165355662,
    "importer_population": 60041.996,
    "importer_biz_entry_days": 40,
    "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.2,
    "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 599879.0253780001,
    "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 51767.78857240694,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 9.824198576107072,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 11.33147539878788,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 8.401733979616163,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.9297414191717164
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-29)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-29",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEL-ZAF/risk",
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEL-ZAF/risk/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEL-ZAF/risk/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEL-ZAF/risk/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/corridor/BEL-ZAF/risk/index.ld.json",
    "home": "https://www.yugalinks.com/",
    "tradeHub": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app/corridors",
    "contact": "https://www.yugalinks.com/contact",
    "email": "mailto:support@yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}